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      Yield and fruit quality of apple from conventional and organic production systems Translated title: Rendimento e qualidade de maçãs em pomares conduzidos nos sistemas convencional e orgânico de produção

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          Abstract

          The objective of this study was to assess the yield and fruit quality of apple produced with a conventional and an organic production systems in Southern Brazil. The orchards consisted of alternate rows from 10 to 12-year old 'Royal Gala' and 'Fuji' apple trees on M.7 rootstocks, grown as slender spindles, on 4x6 m spacing. Eighteen apple trees of each cultivar and management system were randomly selected and assessed for nutrition, flowering, fruit set, yield, and fruit quality during two growing seasons (2002/2003 and 2003/2004). The organic management system resulted in lower concentrations of K, Mg, and N in leaves and fruits, and in smaller fruits for both cultivars, and lower fruit yield for 'Fuji' than from the conventional production system. For both cultivars, fruits from the organic orchard harvested at commercial maturity had a more yellowish skin background color, higher percentage of blush in the fruit skin, higher soluble solids content, higher density, higher flesh firmness, and higher severity of russet than fruits from the conventional orchard. Fruit from the organic orchard had lower titratable acidity in 'Royal Gala', and higher incidence of moldy core and lower incidence of watercore in 'Fuji', than fruit from the conventional orchard. A non-trained sensory panel detected no significant differences for fruit attributes of taste, flavor and texture between fruit from the production systems for either cultivar.

          Translated abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o rendimento e a qualidade de frutos em pomares de macieira, nos sistemas convencional e orgânico de produção no Sul do Brasil. Os pomares consistiram de filas alternadas de plantas com 10 a 12 anos de idade das cultivares Royal Gala e Fuji, sobre porta-enxerto M.7, conduzidas com líder central, em espaçamento de 4x6 m. Dezoito plantas de cada cultivar e sistema de manejo foram marcadas aleatoriamente e avaliadas quanto à nutrição, floração, frutificação efetiva, rendimento e qualidade de frutos, em dois anos agrícolas (2002/2003 e 2003/2004). O sistema orgânico apresentou menores concentrações de K, Mg e N nas folhas e frutos, frutos de menor tamanho em ambas as cultivares e menor rendimento de frutos na cultivar Fuji. Em ambas as cultivares, frutos do pomar orgânico na maturação comercial apresentaram cor de fundo da casca mais amarelada, maior percentagem de coloração vermelha, maior teor de sólidos solúveis totais, maior densidade, maior firmeza de polpa e maior severidade de "russet" do que frutos do pomar convencional. No pomar orgânico, 'Royal Gala' apresentou a menor acidez titulável e 'Fuji' a maior incidência de podridão carpelar e menor incidência de pingo-de-mel. Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas quanto ao sabor, aroma e textura dos frutos entre sistemas de produção, em ambas as cultivares.

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              Efficacy and phytotoxicity of lime sulphur in organic apple production

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pab
                Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
                Pesq. agropec. bras.
                Embrapa Informação Tecnológica (Brasília )
                1678-3921
                March 2008
                : 43
                : 3
                : 333-340
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina Brazil
                Article
                S0100-204X2008000300007
                10.1590/S0100-204X2008000300007
                d5c9398a-a7a5-4c14-8855-ec736131351a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-204X&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
                AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Animal agriculture,General agriculture
                Malus domestica,decay,fruit,physicochemical characteristics,physiological disorders,doença,fruto,características físico-químicas,desordens fisiológicas

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