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      Spin-Spacetime Censorship

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          Abstract

          Quantum entanglement and relativistic causality are key concepts in theoretical works seeking to unify quantum mechanics and gravity. In this article, we show that the interplay between relativity theory and quantum entanglement has intriguing consequences for the spacetime surrounding elementary particles with spin. General relativity predicts that a spin-generated magnetic dipole field causes a (slight) bending to the spacetime around particles, breaking its spherical symmetry. However, through a gedanken experiment analyzed in the context of quantum information, we show that such a spin-related deviation from spherical symmetry would violate relativistic causality. To avoid this conundrum, the measurable spacetime around the rest frame of the particle must be spherically symmetric. This way, we show that there must be a censorship mechanism, compensating for the spin-spacetime bending and preventing the possibility of spacetime-based spin detection. The censorship mechanism may shed new light on the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity.

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          Quantum gravity and minimum length

          The existence of a fundamental scale, a lower bound to any output of a position measurement, seems to be a model-independent feature of quantum gravity. In fact, different approaches to this theory lead to this result. The key ingredients for the appearance of this minimum length are quantum mechanics, special relativity and general relativity. As a consequence, classical notions such as causality or distance between events cannot be expected to be applicable at this scale. They must be replaced by some other, yet unknown, structure.
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            Hybrid classical-quantum dynamics

            A hybrid formalism is proposed for interacting classical and quantum sytems. This formalism is mathematically consistent and reduces to standard classical and quantum mechanics in the case of no interaction. However, in the presence of interaction, the correspondence principle is violated.
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              Experiments testing macroscopic quantum superpositions must be slow

              We consider a thought experiment where the preparation of a macroscopically massive or charged particle in a quantum superposition and the associated dynamics of a distant test particle apparently allow for superluminal communication. We give a solution to the paradox which is based on the following fundamental principle: any local experiment, discriminating a coherent superposition from an incoherent statistical mixture, necessarily requires a minimum time proportional to the mass (or charge) of the system. For a charged particle, we consider two examples of such experiments, and show that they are both consistent with the previous limitation. In the first, the measurement requires to accelerate the charge, that can entangle with the emitted photons. In the second, the limitation can be ascribed to the quantum vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. On the other hand, when applied to massive particles our result provides an indirect evidence for the existence of gravitational vacuum fluctuations and for the possibility of entangling a particle with quantum gravitational radiation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                29 December 2018
                Article
                1812.11450
                d84a5cfd-b28d-439a-bc87-dcfe99dd46ee

                http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

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                Custom metadata
                gr-qc quant-ph

                Quantum physics & Field theory,General relativity & Quantum cosmology
                Quantum physics & Field theory, General relativity & Quantum cosmology

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