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      Acúmulo de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio pelo algodoeiro sob irrigação cultivado em sistemas convencional e adensado Translated title: Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in cotton grown in conventional and narrow spacing

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          Abstract

          O adensamento da cultura do algodão aumenta a competição entre plantas por recursos, como luz, nutrientes e água; logo, o período de florescimento é reduzido e, consequentemente, a marcha de acúmulo de matéria seca é alterada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a marcha de absorção de N, P e K pelo algodoeiro, identificando a época de maior absorção e a quantidade absorvida e exportada em espaçamentos adensado (48 cm - 20,58 plantas m-2), intermediário (75 cm - 13,30 plantas m-2) e convencional (96 cm - 10,39 plantas m-2). Foram amostradas três plantas úteis por parcela aos 46, 69, 99, 139, 148 e 166 dias após a emergência (DAE), em que foram determinados o acúmulo de matéria seca, N, P e K. O acúmulo de matéria seca nas plantas cultivadas no espaçamento de 48 cm foi maior no início do desenvolvimento, igualando-se às demais ao final do ciclo, o que resultou em maior acúmulo de N entre os 69 e 99 DAE, no menor espaçamento. O adensamento antecipa o pico de absorção de nutrientes, sugerindo a antecipação das adubações de cobertura com N e K no algodoeiro cultivado nesse sistema. Para condições de fertilidade média/alta, a dose de nutrientes a ser aplicada não precisaria ser alterada em função do aumento da densidade de plantas, pois não há variação nas quantidades de N, P e K exportados por kg de algodão produzido, em fibra ou em caroço.

          Translated abstract

          An increase in plant density of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., cv. FM 966 LL) results in increased interplant competition for resources, and consequently the flowering period is shortened and the rate of dry matter accumulation changed. The purpose of this study was to determine the N, P and K uptake rates by cotton plants, identifying the time of greatest absorption and the total uptake and export in narrow spacing (48 cm - 20.58 plants m-2), intermediate (75 cm - 13.30 plants m-2 ) and conventional spacing (96 cm - 10.39 plants m-2). Three competitive plants were sampled per plot 46, 69, 99, 139, 148, and 166 days after plant emergence, when dry matter accumulation, and N, P and K contents were determined. Dry matter accumulation was faster in the beginning in the narrower spacing of 48 cm, but in the end equal to the other densities; N accumulation was highest in the narrower spacing, between 69 and 99 DAE. High plant density results in an earlier absorption peak of nutrients, suggesting an anticipated sidedressing with N and K in cotton grown in this system. For medium or highly fertile soils, the nutrient rates to be applied would not have to be changed at a higher plant density, because the amounts of N, P and K exported per kg in cotton fiber or cotton seed were not significantly different.

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          Most cited references28

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          Dry Matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Accumulation by Four Cotton Varieties

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            Growth and Yield Comparisons of Cotton Planted in Conventional and Ultra-Narrow Row Spacings

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              Growth Rate and Nutrient Uptake of Two Cotton Cultivars Grown Under Irrigation1

              J Halevy (1976)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbcs
                Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
                Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo
                Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Viçosa )
                1806-9657
                April 2012
                : 36
                : 2
                : 457-466
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                Article
                S0100-06832012000200015
                10.1590/S0100-06832012000200015
                da1c6985-c15b-498d-b820-9f7594e1ddbb

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-0683&lng=en
                Categories
                SOIL SCIENCE

                Soil
                Gossypium hirsutum,plant population,nutrient accumulation,cotton nutrition,acúmulo de nutrientes,população de plantas,nutrição mineral

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