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      Behçet oculaire Translated title: Ocular Behçet

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          Abstract

          L'objectif était de déterminer les caractéristiques cliniques, thérapeutiques et pronostiques de l'atteinte oculaire chez les patients atteints de la maladie de Behçet, pris en charge dans notre service d'ophtalmologie. Nous présentons une étude rétrospective d'une série de 20 patients colligés à l'hôpital militaire de Laâyoune. Les patients ont bénéficié d'un examen ophtalmologique complet, d'une angiographie à la fluorescéine si nécessaire. Un examen OCT est réalisé chez deux patients. Dix cas d'uvéite antérieure dont un cas s'est compliqué d'hypertonie oculaire; Deux cas d'uvéite intermédiaire; huit cas d'atteinte du segment postérieur dont un cas s'est compliqué d'hémorragie intravitrienne. La maladie de Behçet (MB) est une affection inflammatoire systémique idiopathique actuellement classées au sein des vascularites primitives non nécrosantes. L'atteinte oculaire de la maladie de Behçet est fréquente et grave, mettant en jeu le pronostic visuel des patients. La maladie de Behçet est fréquente au Maroc, engageant le pronostic visuel, rendant la collaboration entre ophtalmologistes et internistes particulièrement importante.

          Translated abstract

          Our study aimed to determine the clinical, therapeutic and prognostic features of ocular involvement in patients with Behçet's disease treated in our Department of ophthalmology. We conducted a retrospective data collection from medical records of 20 patients treated at the military hospital in Laayoune. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination and fluorescein angiography if necessary. OCT exam was performed in two patients. Ten patients had anterior uveitis, complicated in one case by ocular hypertonia; two patients had intermediate uveitis; eight patients had posterior segment involvement complicated in one case by intravitreal hemorrhage. Behcet's Disease (BD) is an systemic idiopathic inflammatory disease currently classified within primary non-necrotizing vasculitis. Ocular involvement is common and severe in Behçet's disease, with the potential to compromise the visual prognosis. Behcet's disease is common in Morocco. It can compromise patient’s visual prognosis making the collaboration between ophthalmologists and internists particularly important.

          Most cited references23

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          Criteria for diagnosis of Behcet's disease

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            Prevalence of Behçet's disease in Istanbul, Turkey.

            The prevalence of Behçet's disease (BD) is much higher in countries along the ancient Silk Route, extending from Japan to Mediterranean countries including Turkey, than in northern Europe and the USA. Three previous epidemiologic surveys have been carried out in different regions of Turkey. This study investigated the cross-sectional prevalence of BD in individuals aged > 12 years in Istanbul, Turkey, in two stages. The first stage aimed to identify individuals with recurrent oral ulcers (ROUs) by visiting them in their homes, and the second stage aimed to further examine those with ROUs for the presence of other BD-related manifestations under hospital conditions. The sample size was determined to be 24,000 with an expected BD prevalence rate of 1/1000 and a sampling error of 4/10,000, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 6-14/10,000. The number of individuals to be screened in each district was determined in proportion to the population of all districts in Istanbul. The standard questionnaire was applied to a total of 23,986 individuals at their homes. A history of ROU was recorded in 2289 individuals (9.5%), and a previous diagnosis of BD was recorded in 47. The diagnosis of ROU was confirmed in 700, and the diagnosis of BD was established in 101 according to the International Study Group criteria. The prevalence rate of BD was estimated as 42/10,000 (95% CI, 34-51/10,000) in Istanbul, Turkey. This survey conducted in Istanbul, the largest cosmopolitan city in Turkey with immigrants from all over the country, has a larger sample size than other previous studies, and therefore the reported prevalence rate of BD has a more acceptable confidence interval. This study aids in the estimation of the prevalence of BD in Turkey, and supports previous findings that Turkey has the highest prevalence rate of the disease in the world.
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              Behçet's disease: infectious aetiology, new autoantigens, and HLA-B51.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                25 April 2017
                2017
                : 26
                : 237
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service d’Ophtalmologie, 3 ème Hôpital Militaire de Laâyoune, Maroc
                [2 ]Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Militaire Avicenne de Marrakech, Maroc
                [3 ]Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Militaire d’Instruction Mohamed V de Rabat, Maroc
                [4 ]Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail de Meknes, Maroc
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Ahmed Alami, Service d’Ophtalmologie, 3 ème Hôpital Militaire de Laâyoune, Maroc
                Article
                PAMJ-26-237
                10.11604/pamj.2017.26.237.1175
                5491746
                dababe4b-88bd-4ba0-872b-100ff16b3223
                © Ahmed Alami et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 01 September 2011
                : 03 April 2017
                Categories
                Case Series

                Medicine
                maladie de behçet (mb),vascularite,uvéite,fonction visuelle,immunosuppresseurs,behcet's disease (bd),vasculitis,uveitis,visual function,immunosuppressive

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