Simulation and Analysis for Wide-band Scattering Characteristics of 2-D Linear and Nonlinear Sea Surfaces

Abstract

In this paper, the wideband backscattering fields of two-Dimensional (2-D) linear and nonlinear sea surfaces are numerically simulated employing the Weighted Curvature Approximation (WCA) method. A large number of Monte Carlo trials are performed to investigate the statistical characteristics of the rang-resolved sea clutter, especially for the sea spike phenomenon. Simulation results demonstrate that the long tail of the sea clutter intensity Probability Density Function (PDF) tends to be more evident with finer radar resolution, higher wind speed, and when the radar sight changes from the crosswind direction to the upwind direction. Meanwhile, it is found that the nonlinear sea surfaces are more likely to have sea spikes. In addition, the Pareto distribution is demonstrated to describe the statistics of the sea clutter intensities better than the Kdistribution and Weibull distribution at low grazing angles.