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      LONGITUD DEL CANAL CERVICAL UTERINO COMO FACTOR DE RIESGO DE PARTO PREMATURO EN PACIENTES SINTOMÁTICAS

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Determinar si el acortamiento del cuello uterino en pacientes sintomáticas es predictor de parto prematuro en o antes de las 35 semanas y dentro de 7 días. Método: Se estudiaron 852 pacientes que consultaron por dinámica uterina, a las que se midió el cuello uterino al ingreso. Las pacientes fueron manejadas de acuerdo a las Guías Clínicas del Hospital. Se excluyeron las pacientes en trabajo de parto, con membranas rotas o con cerclaje. Resultados: La edad gestacional promedio al ingreso fue 31,5 semanas (rango: 24,0-34,9). Se presentó parto prematuro a las 35 semanas o antes en 61 casos (7,2%), y dentro de los 7 días del ingreso en 14 pacientes (1,6%). Fueron predictores independientes significativos (OR; IC95%) para un parto <35 semanas las siguientes variables: antecedente de prematurez (2,03; 1,06-3,89), metrorragia (6,87; 2,83-16,65) y canal cervical <25 mm (3,31; 1,92-5,7). El análisis con curvas ROC demostró que el valor de corte que mejor predice un parto <35 semanas y dentro de 7 días de ingresada, es un cuello uterino <19,5 mm (p<0,05). Conclusiones: El acortamiento del canal cervical en pacientes sintomáticas, particularmente con un canal <20 mm, se asocia con un riesgo significativo de parto prematuro <35 semanas y dentro de 7 días de ingresada. La medición de canal cervical ayuda a distinguir a las pacientes en riesgo, con el fin de concentrar esfuerzos en ese grupo de embarazadas.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To determine if the shortening of cervical length (CL) in women with threatened preterm labor could predict delivery at or before 35 weeks' gestation and within 7 days of presentation. Method: Sonogra-phic measurement of CL was done in 852 women with singleton pregnancies presenting with painful uterine contractions. Women in labor, with ruptured membranes or those with cervical cerclage were excluded. Re-sults: Median gestational age at presentation was 31.5 (range: 24.0-34.9) weeks and median cervical length was 31.5 (range: 3-61) mm. Delivery within 7 days occurred in 14 (1.6%) and delivery at or before 35 weeks, in 61 (7.2%) cases. Significant (OR; 95%CI) independent predictors of delivery at or before 35 weeks were vaginal bleeding (6.87; 2.83-16.65), cervical length (3.31; Cl 1.92-5.70) and a historyof preterm birth (2.03; 1.06-3.89). ROC curve analysis showed that a cervical length shorter than 19.5 mm (p<0.05) was the best cutoff valué for predicting a delivery at or before 35 weeks' gestation and within 7 days of presentation. Con-clusions: Shortening of cervical length in threatened preterm labor, especially when shorter than 19.5 mm, is associated with a significant risk of preterm labor <35 weeks' gestation and within 7 days of admission. Sonographic measurement of cervical length helps to recognize patients at risk for preterm birth, in order to focus interventions in that group of patients.

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          Cervical length at 23 weeks of gestation: prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery.

          To examine the potential value of routine measurement of cervical length in singleton pregnancies at 23 weeks of gestation in the prediction of the risk for early spontaneous preterm delivery. Cervical length was measured by sonography at 23 weeks in 2567 singleton pregnancies in women attending for routine antenatal care. In 43 women, the length was < or = 15 mm and 21 of these were managed expectantly, whereas in 22 cases a cervical cerclage was placed. In the pregnancies that were managed expectantly, the relation between cervical length and preterm delivery was examined and the risk of spontaneous delivery at < or = 32 weeks was estimated. Cervical length at 23 weeks was < or = 15 mm in 1.7% of cases; this group contained 86%, 58% and 20% of pregnancies that delivered spontaneously at < or = 28, < or = 32 and < or = 36 weeks, respectively. The risk for delivery at < or = 32 weeks decreased from 78% at a cervical length of 5 mm to 4% at 15 mm and 0.5% at 50 mm. Cervical length at 23 weeks is < or = 15 mm in < 2% of the population; this group contains about 90% and 60% of the women delivering at < or = 28 and < or = 32 weeks, respectively. Measurement of cervical length provides accurate prediction of risk for early preterm delivery.
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            Cervical length and funneling at 23 weeks of gestation in the prediction of spontaneous early preterm delivery.

            To establish the relationship of cervical length at 23 weeks of gestation to the risk of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks and to determine the possible additional risk if funneling is present. During a 36-month period, 6819 women with singleton pregnancies underwent transvaginal sonographic cervical assessment at 22-24 weeks as a screening test for preterm delivery. The distribution of cervical length and the prevalence of funneling, defined as dilatation of the internal os of > or = 5 mm in width, were established. Women who underwent cervical cerclage, iatrogenic preterm delivery or were lost to follow-up were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 6334 pregnancies, logistic regression was used to examine the contribution of cervical length and funneling to the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery before 33 weeks. The median cervical length was 36 mm and in 1.6% of cases the length was 30 mm. The rate of preterm delivery was 6.9% in those with funneling compared to 0.7% in those without funneling (chi2 = 86.7; P < 0.0001). However, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that funneling did not provide a significant additional contribution to cervical length in the prediction of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks (odds ratio for short cervix = 24.9, Z = 4.43, P < 0.0001; odds ratio for funneling = 1.8, Z = 0.84, P = 0.40). In the prediction of preterm delivery, funneling does not provide any significant contribution in addition to cervical length.
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              Cervicovaginal fibronectin improves the prediction of preterm delivery based on sonographic cervical length in patients with preterm uterine contractions and intact membranes.

              The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic performance of ultrasonographic measurement of the cervical length and vaginal fetal fibronectin determination in the prediction of preterm delivery in patients with preterm uterine contractions and intact membranes. Ultrasound examination of the cervical length and fetal fibronectin determination in vaginal secretions were performed in 215 patients admitted with preterm uterine contractions (22-35 weeks) and cervical dilatation of
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchog
                Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología
                Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0048-766X
                0717-7526
                2008
                : 73
                : 5
                : 330-336
                Affiliations
                [03] orgnameHospital Barros Luco-Trudeau Chile
                [02] orgnameClínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                [01] orgnameHospital Padre Hurtado orgdiv1Unidad de Gestión Clínica de la Mujer y el RN Chile
                Article
                S0717-75262008000500009 S0717-7526(08)07300509
                10.4067/S0717-75262008000500009
                de022731-9eb6-484a-a20d-f073a6915f0a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 7
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                SciELO Chile

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                Trabajos Originales

                cuello uterino,ultrasound,uterine cervix,ultrasonido,Preterm labor,Parto prematuro,risk factors,factores de riesgo

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