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      • Record: found
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      Effect of Nanosilver on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Acrylic Base Complete Dentures

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          Abstract

          Objective:

          Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), widely used as a prosthodontic base, has many disadvantages, including a high thermal expansion coefficient and low thermal conductivity, a low elasticity coefficient, low impact strength and low resistance to fatigue. This study aimed to make an in vitro comparison of the thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and tensile strength of the acrylic base of complete dentures with those of acrylic reinforced with nanosilver.

          Materials and Methods:

          For this study, 36 specimens were prepared. The specimens were divided into three groups of 12; which were further divided into two subgroups of control (unmodified PMMA) and test (PMMA mixed with 5 weight% nanosilver).The results were analysed by Independent t-test.

          Results:

          This study showed that the mean thermal conductivity and compressive strength of PMMA reinforced with nanosilver were significantly higher than the unmodified PMMA (P<0.05), while the tensile strength decreased significantly after the incorporation of nanosilver (P<0.05).

          Conclusion:

          Considering our results suggesting the favorable effect of silver nanoparticles on improving the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of PMMA, use of this material in the palatal area of maxillary acrylic resin dentures is recommended.

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          Most cited references38

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          The reinforcement of dentures.

          D. C. Jagger, A. Harrison, K. D. Jandt (1999)
          The material most commonly used for the fabrication of complete dentures is poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). This material is not ideal in every respect and it is the combination of virtues rather than one single desirable property that accounts for its popularity and usage. Despite its popularity in satisfying aesthetic demands it is still far from ideal in fulfilling the mechanical requirements of a prosthesis. The fracture of dentures may be due to the mechanical properties of the acrylic resin or may be due to a multiplicity of factors leading to failure of the denture base material. Generally, there are three routes which have been investigated to improve the impact properties of PMMA: the search for, or development of, an alternative material to PMMA; the chemical modification of PMMA such as by the addition of a rubber graft copolymer; and the reinforcement of PMMA with other materials such as carbon fibres, glass fibres and ultra-high modulus polyethylene. The following review of attempts to improve the mechanical properties of denture base material takes account of papers published during the last 30 years.
          Article 0 comments Cited 73 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Flexural strength of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate denture resin reinforced with glass, aramid, or nylon fibers.

            Dhvanit Shah, Biku John, S Gangadhar (2001)
            Despite the favorable properties of conventional PMMA used as a denture base material, its fracture resistance could be improved. This in vitro study was performed to determine whether the flexural strength of a commercially available, heat-polymerized acrylic denture base material could be improved through reinforcement with 3 types of fibers. Ten specimens of similar dimensions were prepared for each of the 4 experimental groups: conventional acrylic resin and the same resin reinforced with glass, aramid, or nylon fibers. Flexural strength was evaluated with a 3-point bending test. The results were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance. All reinforced specimens showed better flexural strength than the conventional acrylic resin. Specimens reinforced with glass fibers showed the highest flexural strength, followed by aramid and nylon. Within the limitations of this study, the flexural strength of heat-polymerized PMMA denture resin was improved after reinforcement with glass or aramid fibers. It may be possible to apply these results to distal extension partial denture bases and provisional fixed partial dentures.
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              Effect of aluminum oxide addition on the flexural strength and thermal diffusivity of heat-polymerized acrylic resin.

              Ashraf Ali M. A. El Shorbgy, A Ellakwa, Amal A Morsy (2008)
              This work was undertaken to investigate the effect of adding from 5% to 20% by weight aluminum oxide powder on the flexural strength and thermal diffusivity of heat-polymerized acrylic resin. Seventy-five specimens of heat-polymerized acrylic resin were fabricated. The specimens were divided into five groups (n = 15) coded A to E. Group A was the control group (i.e., unmodified acrylic resin specimens). The specimens of the remaining four groups were reinforced with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) powder to achieve loadings of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight. Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 1 week before flexural strength testing to failure (5 mm/min crosshead speed) in a universal testing machine. Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey paired group comparison tests (p < 0.05). Weibull analysis was used to calculate the Weibull modulus, characteristic strength, and the required stress for 1% and 5% probabilities of failure. Cylindrical test specimens (5 specimens/group) containing an embedded thermocouple were used to determine thermal diffusivity over a physiologic temperature range (0 to 70 degrees C). The mean flexural strength values of the heat-polymerized acrylic resin were (in MPa) 99.45, 119.92, 121.19, 130.08, and 127.60 for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. The flexural strength increased significantly after incorporation of 10% Al2O3. The mean thermal diffusivity values of the heat-polymerized acrylic resin (in m(2)/sec) were 6.8, 7.2, 8.0, 8.5, and 9.3 for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. Thermal diffusivities of the composites were found to be significantly higher than the unmodified acrylic resin. Thermal diffusivity was found to increase in proportion to the weight percentage of alumina filler, which suggested that the proper distribution of alumina powders through the insulating polymer matrix might form a pathway for heat conduction. Al2O3 fillers have potential as added components in denture bases to provide increased flexural strength and thermal diffusivity. Increasing the flexural strength and heat transfer characteristics of the acrylic resin base material could lead to more patient satisfaction.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Dent (Tehran)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Dent (Tehran)
                Title: Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran)
                Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                ISSN (Print): 1735-2150
                ISSN (Electronic): 2008-2185
                Publication date (Print): September 2014
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 September 2014
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 495-505
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontist, Dental Faculty of Tabriz Medical Science University, Tabriz, Iran
                [2 ]Dentist, Department of Georesources and Materials Engineering, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
                [3 ]Associate Researcher, Department of Georesources and Materials Engineering, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: T. Ghaffari, Dentist, tahereh_ghaffari@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: jod-11-495
                PMC ID: 4290768
                PubMed ID: 25628675
                SO-VID: e040076c-87af-49af-b1dc-aa829997de6d
                Copyright © Copyright © Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 3.0 License (CC BY-NC 3.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.

                History
                Date received : 26 February 2014
                Date accepted : 24 May 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: polymethyl methacrylate (pmma),nanosilver,thermal conductivity,compressive strength,tensile strength
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: polymethyl methacrylate (pmma), nanosilver, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, tensile strength

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