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      Perspectivas da pesquisa prospectiva com bebês irmãos de autistas Translated title: Perspectives of prospective research of younger siblings of children with autism Translated title: Perspectivas de la pesquisa prospectiva con bebés hermanos de autistas

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          Abstract

          A identificação precoce de bebês com risco de desenvolver um quadro autístico é importante por permitir uma intervenção também precoce, minimizar o sofrimento da família e tornar os profissionais de saúde e educação mais vigilantes para os possíveis sinais de risco de autismo. Ao longo dos últimos anos, tem havido um interesse crescente na pesquisa sobre indicadores precoces do autismo. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir uma metodologia longitudinal prospectiva para a identificação de sinais precoces de risco do autismo, a partir de estudos envolvendo bebês irmãos de autistas, que também permita investigar a identificação de subtipos de autismo e proporcionar melhor entendimento da relação entre a tríade de prejuízos que o define. Serão apresentados, inicialmente, os diferentes tipos de estudos disponíveis sobre indicadores de risco de autismo - relatos dos pais, estudos de vídeos familiares e de atenção compartilhada, instrumentos disponíveis e pesquisas prospectivas de bebês irmãos de autistas.

          Translated abstract

          Early identification of infants at-risk of autism is important for early intervention, to minimize the family suffering and to allow professional surveillance of possible signs of autistic risk. Lately the literature on autism has witnessed a growing interest in this area of research. The aim of the present paper is to discuss a prospective longitudinal methodology for the identification of early signs of autism through studies with younger siblings of children with autism that could also allow the investigation of subtypes of autism and a better understanding of the triad of impairments that define autism. At first, different kinds of studies about early signs of autism will be presented - parents’ reports, studies of family home videos and joint attention, available instruments and prospective research of younger siblings of children with autism.

          Translated abstract

          La identificación precoz de bebés con riesgo de desarrollar un cuadro autístico es importante por permitir una intervención también precoz, minimizar el sufrimiento de la familia y tornar los profesionales de salud y educación más vigilantes para las posibles señales de riesgo de autismo. A lo largo de los últimos años, ha habido un interés creciente en la pesquisa sobre indicadores precoces del autismo. El objetivo de este trabajo es discutir una metodología longitudinal prospectiva para la identificación de señales precoces de riesgo del autismo, desde estudios con bebés hermanos de autistas, que también permita investigar la identificación de subtipos de autismo y proporcionar mejor entendimiento de la relación entre la tríade de perjuicios que lo define. Serán presentados, inicialmente, los diferentes tipos de estudios disponibles sobre indicadores de riesgo de autismo - relatos de los padres, estudios de vídeos familiares y de atención compartida, instrumentos disponibles y pesquisas prospectivas de bebés hermanos de autistas.

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          Most cited references97

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
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          Autistic disturbances of affective contact.

          L Kanner (1968)
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            Autism during infancy: a retrospective video analysis of sensory-motor and social behaviors at 9-12 months of age.

            G. Baranek (1999)
            This retrospective video study explored the usefulness of sensory-motor measures in addition to social behaviors as early predictors of autism during infancy. Three groups included 11 children with autism, 10 with developmental disabilities, and 11 typically developing children. Home videos were edited to obtain a 10-minute cross-section of situations at 9-12 months for each subjects. Using interval scoring, raters coded several behavioral categories (i.e., Looking, Affect, Response to Name, Anticipatory Postures, Motor/Object Stereotypies, Social Touch, Sensory Modulation). Nine items, in combination, were found to discriminate the three groups with a correct classification rate of 93.75%. These findings indicate that subtle symptoms of autism are present at 9-12 months, and suggest that early assessment procedures need to consider sensory processing/sensory-motor functions in addition to social responses during infancy. Furthermore, prior to a time that they reported autistic symptoms, caregivers used compensatory strategies to increase the saliency of stimuli in order to engage their children more successfully; these strategies may provide a window for earlier diagnosis.
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              Follow-up of two-year-olds referred for possible autism.

              C. Lord (1995)
              Thirty, 2-year-old children referred for possible autism were evaluated using a parent interview, a rating scale and psychometric tests and reassessed one year later. Clinical diagnosis was relatively stable across time; diagnosis using the formal measures changed significantly, particularly for younger and more developmentally delayed children. Several patterns contributed to the increasing differentiation of children with autism from age 2 to 3, including the development of clearly recognizable, repetitive behaviors in the autistic children and significant improvements in basic social skills in the children judged not to be autistic.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pcp
                Psicologia: ciência e profissão
                Psicol. cienc. prof.
                Conselho Federal de Psicologia (Brasília )
                1414-9893
                2009
                : 29
                : 1
                : 160-171
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S1414-98932009000100013
                10.1590/S1414-98932009000100013
                e39ef41f-15b4-47ba-badc-a65090af6cfe

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Autism,Prospective research,Early identification,Subtypes,Autismo,Pesquisa prospectiva,Identificación precoz,Subtipos,Identificação precoce

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