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      Sistema de pastejo rotativo "ponta e rapador" para novilhas de corte: 1. Desenvolvimento corporal Translated title: Rotational grazing system "first and last grazers" for beef heifers: 1. Body development

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          Abstract

          O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de novilhas de corte no sistema de pastejo rotativo "ponta" e "rapador" durante o primeiro (Ano-1) e segundo (Ano-2) invernos/primaveras pós-desmama até o final do primeiro acasalamento aos 22-24 meses de idade. Setenta e seis bezerras de corte mestiças foram mantidas durante Ano-1 e Ano-2 em pastagem nativa melhorada de azevém (Lolium multiflorum L.) e trevo vesiculoso Yuchi (Trifolium vesiculosum cv. Yuchi). No período de verão/outono e acasalamento os animais foram mantidos em campo natural, em lote único. Os tratamentos Ponta (TP): grupo consumindo a metade superior da pastagem disponível; Rapador (TR): consumindo a metade inferior da pastagem foram testados. A evolução do peso vivo (PV) em cada etapa do experimento e ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) por período foram analisados. O peso vivo de TP diferiu do TR ao final do Ano-1 (195,6 vs. 168,1 kg), ao final do Ano-2 (316,3 vs. 274,1 kg) e ao início (318,5 vs. 275,7 kg) e final (341,5 vs. 304,4 kg) do acasalamento, respectivamente. O maior PV foi atribuído ao maior GMD obtido por TP sobre TR durante o uso da pastagem melhorada, com GMD de 0,790 vs 0,563 kg/dia e 0,753 vs. 0,522 kg/dia, no Ano-1 e Ano-2, respectivamente. Houve inversão no GMD com melhor desempenho do TR em relação ao TP (0,377 vs. 0,303 kg/dia) no acasalamento. O sistema de recria de novilhas para reposição, favorecendo determinado grupo de animais (TP), é uma das alternativas para obter pesos vivos satisfatórios, tornando-as aptas à concepção aos 22-24 meses de idade.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of beef heifers in a rotational grazing system as "first grazers" and "last grazers" during the first (Year-1) and second (Year-2) winter/spring seasons post weaning until the end of the first mating at 22-24 months of age. Seventy-six crossbred female calves were maintained during Year-1 and Year-2 on improved natural pasture of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum cv. Yuchi). During the summer/autumn period and mating season, the heifers were maintained on natural pasture as a unique mob. The First grazers (FG) treatments: group eating the superior half of the available pasture; Last grazers (LG): group eating the inferior half of the available pasture, were tested: The live weight evolution (LW) in each phase of the experiment and average daily weight gain (ADG) per period were analyzed. The live weight of FG differed from LG at the end of the Year-1 (195.6 vs. 168.1 kg), at the end of the Year-2 (316.3 vs. 274.1 kg), at the beginning (318.5 vs. 275.7 kg) and at the end (341.5 vs. 304.4 kg) of the mating period, respectively. The higher LW was due to the higher ADG obtained by FG over LG during the use of the improved pastures, with ADG of .790 vs. .563 kg/day and .753 vs. .522 kg/day, at Year-1 and Year-2, respectively. There was an inversion in the ADG with a better performance of LG in relation to FG (.377 vs. .303 kg/day, respectively), in the mating period. The raising systems for replacement heifers that favored a determined animal group (FG) is one of the alternatives to obtain a satisfactory live weights, making them able to conceive at 22-24 months of age.

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          Most cited references18

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          Compensatory growth in cattle and sheep

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            Pregnancy rates of beef heifers bred either on puberal or third estrus.

            The objective of this study was to determine if pregnancy rates (PR) differed between beef heifers bred to fertile bulls on either their puberal (E1, n = 89) or third (E3, n = 67) estrus. Heifers were obtained from two lactations (Manhattan, L1; and Miles City, L2), and the experiment was conducted at Miles City. Heifers were assigned randomly within location to either E1 or E3. Heifers were fed to gain .56 kg.head-1 X d-1 and observed twice daily for estrus. After exhibiting first estrus (puberty) and breeding, each heifer in E1 was palpated rectally on d 6, 9 and 12 +/- 1 d (estrus = d 0) for the presence of a corpus luteum, and a venous blood sample was collected for assay of progesterone by radioimmunoassay. Heifers in E3 were palpated and bled on the same schedule as heifers in E1 after first estrus and after being bred to a fertile bull at third estrus. Pregnancy rates were determined by rectal palpation at approximately 38 d post-breeding. Location of origin did not affect (P greater than .10) weight at puberty or weight at breeding; however, heifers from L1 were younger (P less than .05) than heifers from L2 at puberty and breeding. Pregnancy rates were 57 and 78% for heifers in E1 and E3, respectively (P less than .05). Weight at breeding did not influence (P greater than .10) pregnancy rates. The probability of heifers in E1 becoming pregnant increased (P less than .05) with increasing age, while age was not a factor (P greater than .10) for heifers in E3. These results indicated that fertility of puberal estrus in beef heifers is lower than third estrus. Higher fertility of third estrus may be related to maturational changes associated with cycling activity.
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              Integrated pasture and animal management

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa, MG, Brazil )
                1516-3598
                1806-9290
                February 1999
                : 28
                : 1
                : 137-142
                Affiliations
                [02] Paysandú orgnameUniversidade de la República orgdiv1Faculdade de Agronomia Uruguai
                [01] Porto Alegre RS orgnameUFRGS orgdiv1Faculdade de Agronomia orgdiv2Departamento de Zootecnia
                Article
                S1516-35981999000100021 S1516-3598(99)02800100021
                e404da2e-4f08-44a6-889d-67c28e81b0cd

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 February 1998
                : 27 August 1998
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Ruminantes

                pastagem melhorada,sistema de utilização de pastagens,pastejo rotativo,novilhas de reposição,beef cattle,replacement heifers,improved pasture,rotational grazing system,pasture utilization system,gado de corte

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