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      Composición y estructura de la familia Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) en una cuenca andina colombiana Translated title: Composition and structure of the Baetidae family (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) in a Colombian Andean basin

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          Abstract

          Resumen Antecedentes. La familia Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) es abundante y diversa en los ecosistemas dulceacuícolas del mundo, particularmente en ambientes lóticos, sin embargo es limitada la información taxonómica a nivel de especie de este grupo en Colombia. Objetivos. Con base en lo anterior, el presente estudio, está encaminado a ampliar el conocimiento taxonómico y ecológico de la familia Baetidae en la cuenca del río Alvarado (Tolima, Colombia), y su asociación con los sustratos arena, grava/guijarro, hojarasca y roca, y con algunos parámetros fisicoquímicos. Métodos. Se hizo la colecta con red surber en los hábitats correspondientes en rápidos y remansos, en cuatro sustratos (roca, arena, grava/guijarro y hojarasca) y se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos. Resultados. Se colectaron un total de 2386 individuos distribuidos en nueve géneros y 14 especies. Baetodes sp. (23.93%), Camelobaetidius edmunsi (19.70%), Guajirolus queremba (12.70%), y Paracloeodes binodulus (11.32%) fueron las especies más abundantes en la cuenca. A nivel espacial las estaciones QLCA, QCHU, RACV y RACH registraron la mayor densidad de organismos. En todas las estaciones el sustrato roca presento la mayoría de las especies evaluadas. Conclusiones. La presencia de la familia Baetidae estuvo relacionada con el tipo de sustrato, y por la influencia de algunas variables fisicoquímicas y ambientales como pH, alcalinidad, dureza, sólidos totales, conductividad eléctrica, DBO5, oxígeno disuelto, caudal y nitratos; evidenciando en parte, la influencia de la urbanización y la agricultura en el establecimiento de las especies.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Background. The Baetidae family (Ephemeroptera: Insecta) is abundant and diverse in freshwater ecosystems, especially in lotic systems: Although, information on these groups in Colombia is still scarce. Goals. The present study was directed to increase the taxonomical and ecological knowledge of Baetidae family in Alvarado river basin (Tolima, Colombia), evaluating the substrates; sand, gravel/cobble, rock and leaf litter, and determining the possible relationships with some physicochemical parameters. Methods. The collection was made with a Surber net in rapids and backwaters, in four substrates (sand, gravel/cobble, rock and leaf litter) additionally physicochemical parameters were evaluated. Results. A total 2386 individuals were collected, distributed in nine genera and 14 species. Baetodes sp. (23.93%), Camelobaetidius edmunsi (19.70%), Guajirolus queremba (12.70%) and Paracloeodes binodulus (11.32%) were the most abundant species in the basin. The highest density of organisms was found in sampling sites QLCA, QCHU, RACV and RACH. Rock was the preferred substrate for colonization and establishment of most species in all sites. Conclusions. The family Baetidae was related with type of substrate, as well as variables such as; pH, alkalinity, hardness, total solids, electrical conductivity, BOD5, dissolved oxygen, water flow and nitrates, which suggest a potential influence of anthropogenic effects on species establishment.

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          INVERTEBRATE BIODIVERSITY IN AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN HEADWATER STREAMS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

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            Diversity and habitat preference of aquatic insects along the longitudinal gradient of the Macaé River basin, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

            Diversity and habitat preference of macroinvertebrates were studied in Macaé River basin, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, along its longitudinal gradient. We selected stream reaches corresponding to 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th and 6th orders. A Surber sampler was used to collect four macroinvertebrates samples of each substrate (sand, litter in pool areas, stones, and litter in riffle areas) during the three sampling periods, defined based on the rain regime: April (end of the rainy season), July (dry season), and October (beginning of the rainy season). We identified 46,431 specimens corresponding to 117 taxa. Analysis of diversity numbers (both for family or genus level) indicated that all insect taxonomic orders had higher numbers on 2nd order stream reach, except for Ephemeroptera, on 4th order. However when considering morph-species taxonomic level, the higher diversity number occurred on 4th order stream. The highest richness and diversity numbers were found at the dry season. Considering habitat preference, both litter in pool areas and litter in riffle areas had the highest faunal richness.
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              Using baetidae species as biological indicators of environmental degradation in a Brazilian river basin.

              The Ephemeroptera family Baetidae is one of the most specious families in the Neotropical region and a great effort to improve the taxonomy of this group has been made over the last 10 years in South America. Such studies now enable the development of biomonitoring tools at species-level in the region. A total of 2,199 baetids were collected from seven sampling sites, collected three times (autumn, winter and summer), representing an environmental gradient, draining an area of Atlantic Forest remnants. We describe the mesohabitat of nine Baetidae species and evaluate their responses to environmental degradation and water chemistry by means of biological measures (richness and abundance) and multivariate analysis (Canonical Correspondence Analysis), in order to assess their potential capacity as indicators of these impacts. Most species were found predominantly associated with stony substrates, but some were associated with pool litter, and one species was found predominantly in riffle litter substrate. Species distribution was influenced by the environmental gradient. Based on the CCA ordination, we were able to identify which species were found in pristine versus the most impaired areas, therefore enabling us to establish the sensitivity of each species.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                hbio
                Hidrobiológica
                Hidrobiológica
                UAM, Unidad Iztapalapa, (México, DF, Mexico )
                0188-8897
                December 2016
                : 26
                : 3
                : 459-474
                Affiliations
                [2] Fort Collins Colorado orgnameColorado State University orgdiv1Department of Biology orgdiv2Graduate Degree Program in Ecology United States
                [1] Ibagué Tolima orgnameUniversidad del Tolima orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Grupo de Investigación en Zoología (GIZ) Colombia adrianam@ 123456ut.edu.co
                Article
                S0188-88972016000300459
                e4322545-7253-405e-8595-823b7f9a2155

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 May 2015
                : 11 May 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 85, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Mexico


                Baetidae,physicochemical,substrate,fisicoquímicos,río Alvarado,sustrato,Alvarado river

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