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      Fistule artério-veineuse ulno-basilique pour hémodialyse au CHU de Yaoundé: à propos de deux cas

      case-report

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          Abstract

          La fistule ulno-basilique est une éventualité peu sollicitée dans le choix des abords vasculaires pour hémodialyse. Elle est construite sur la veine basilique qui est souvent la seule veine épargnée par les ponctions veineuses de routine dans les services de médecine. De par l'existence de nombreuses complications comme l'infection des prothèses et des cathéters centraux, les thromboses, les patients hémodialysés chroniques nécessitent plus d'un accès veineux au cours de leur suivi médical. Les fistules artério-veineuses natives présentent moins de risques de complications que les prothèses d'une façon générale et une plus longue durée de vie. La confection d'une fistule sur une topographie proximale compromet le recourt à cette veine sur une localisation distale ultérieurement. Il existe donc une hiérarchisation dont il faut tenir compte pour une utilisation optimale du capital veineux disponible. Nous rapportons ici deux observations concernant des patients chez qui deux fistules ulno-basiliques ont été réalisées avec succès au CHU de Yaoundé.

          Most cited references9

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          The relationship between the flow of arteriovenous fistula and cardiac output in haemodialysis patients.

          M. Antonelli, Carlo Lomonte, Francesco Casucci … (2007)
          Satisfactory haemodialysis (HD) vascular access flow (Qa) is necessary for dialysis adequacy. High Qa is postulated to increase cardiac output (CO) and cause high-output cardiac failure. Aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the relationship between Qa of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and CO in order to have a closer insight into this scarcely explored aspect of HD pathophysiology. Ninety-six patients bearing an AVF entered the study. All were evaluated a priori for the existence of cardiac failure according to the functional classification of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force. Qa and CO were measured by means of the ultrasound dilution Transonic Hemodialysis Monitor HD02. The mean Qa of the 65 lower arm AVFs was 0.948+/-0.428 SD l/min, whereas that of the 31 upper arm AVFs was 1.58+/-0.553 l/min. The difference was statistically significant (P or= 2.0 l/min predicted the occurrence of high-output cardiac failure more accurately than two other Qa values (sensitivity 89%, specificity 100%, curve area 0.99) and three Qa/CO ratio values (cardio-pulmonary recirculation-CPR). The better performance among the latter was that of CPR values >or= 20% (sensitivity 100%, specificity 74.7%, curve area 0.92). Our prospective study shows that the relationship between Qa of AVFs and CO is complex and a third-order polynomial regression model best fits this relationship. Furthermore, it is the first study to clearly show the high predictive power for high-output cardiac failure occurrence of Qa cut-off values >or= 2.0 l/min.
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            Brachial versus basilic vein dialysis fistulas: a comparison of maturation and patency rates.

            Robert Noll, R Money, Krishna Mannava … (2008)
            Although the performance of basilic vein transpositions for dialysis access is well established, the utility and patency rates of brachial vein transpositions are poorly characterized. The brachial vein is being used increasingly as an alternative vein for transposition in an effort to increase the percentage of autogenous fistula utilization. The purpose of this study was to review a single-center comparative experience with these fistulas. A retrospective chart review was performed on 59 patients who received basilic and brachial vein transpositions between January 2000 and December 2006. Patient demographics, comorbidities, mortality, and morbidity were evaluated. Patency rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis. Of 59 vein transpositions, there were 42 basilic (71%) and 17 brachial (29%). The 30-day mortality was 0%. Maturation rates were 74% for basilic vein transpositions and 47% for brachial (P = .049). The mean time to maturation was 11.9 +/- 8.8 weeks. Primary patency rates at 12 months were 50% for basilic vein transpositions vs 40% for brachial (P = .115). The mean vein size was 4.9 +/- 0.9 mm. The mean basilic vein transposition diameter of 4.9 +/- 1.0 mm and brachial vein transposition diameter of 5.0 +/- 0.8 mm were not significant (P = .39). Despite a higher rate of initial maturation in basilic vein transpositions, brachial and basilic vein transpositions had comparable patency rates at 12 months. These preliminary results require further follow-up and a larger cohort of patients for confirmation. Broader use of the brachial vein transposition for dialysis appears justified and can increase the overall percentage of autogenous fistula placement.
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              Prospective evaluation of ischemia in brachial-basilic and forearm prosthetic arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis.

              Frank N. Van Leeuwen, J Tordoir, Xavier H A Keuter … (2008)
              Ischemia is a devastating complication after arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation. When not timely corrected, it may lead to amputation. Symptomatic ischemia occurs in 3.7-5% of the hemodialysis population. Upper arm AVFs have a higher incidence of ischemia compared to forearm AVFs. As more patients may need upper arm AVFs in the growing and older hemodialysis population, occurrence of symptomatic ischemia may increase. The purpose of this study is to identify predictors for occurrence of ischemia. A prospective evaluation of ischemia was performed in patients randomised for either a brachial-basilic (BB-) AVF or a prosthetic forearm loop AVF. Clinical parameters, preoperative vessel diameters, access flows, digital blood pressures, digit-to-brachial indices (DBI) and interventions for ischemia were recorded. Sixty-one patients (BB-AVF 28) were studied. Seventeen patients (BB-AVF 8) developed ischemic symptoms. Six patients (BB-AVF 3) needed interventions for severe symptoms. Age, history of peripheral arterial reconstruction and radial artery volume flow were significant predictors for the occurrence of ischemia. Symptomatic ischemia occurred in 28% of patients with brachial-basilic and prosthetic forearm AVFs. Age, history of peripheral arterial reconstruction and radial artery volume flow might be important for prediction of ischemia.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Pan Afr Med J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Pan Afr Med J
                Journal ID (publisher-id): PAMJ
                Title: The Pan African Medical Journal
                Publisher: The African Field Epidemiology Network
                ISSN (Electronic): 1937-8688
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 July 2013
                Publication date Collection: 2013
                Volume: 15
                Electronic Location Identifier: 103
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales Université de Yaoundé 1, Cameroun
                [2 ]Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques. Université de Douala, Cameroun
                [3 ]Faculté de Médecine CHU de Yaoundé, Cameroun
                [4 ]Université de Yaoundé 1, Cameroun
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Marc Leroy Guifo, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales Université de Yaoundé 1, Cameroun
                Article
                Publisher ID: PAMJ-15-103
                DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2013.15.103.2906
                PMC ID: 3828062
                PubMed ID: 24244789
                SO-VID: e565acc0-80f9-422c-bc08-fc55a0912997
                Copyright © © Marc Leroy Guifo et al.
                License:

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 02 June 2013
                Date accepted : 09 July 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: fistule artério-veineuse,hémodialyse,ponction veineuse
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: fistule artério-veineuse, hémodialyse, ponction veineuse

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