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      Efecto de la temperatura y de la luz sobre la germinación de Nicotiana longiflora Cavaniles y Oenothera indecora Camb. Translated title: Effect of temperature and the light on germination of Nicotiana longiflora Cavaniles and Oenothera indecora Camb.

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          Abstract

          Nicotiana longiflora y Oenothera indecora son especies de reciente difusión en lotes agrícolas de la región pampeana argentina y se desconocen los factores ambientales que afectan su germinación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la influencia de la temperatura y de la luz sobre la germinación de ambas especies. Con temperaturas constantes la germinación fue mayor con luz entre los 20 y 35 °C para N. longiflora y entre 10 y 20 °C para O. indecora. Con temperaturas alternadas, N. longiflora presentó mayor germinación en un rango amplio rango con luz, y en oscuridad fue mayor sólo con 10-20 °C. O. indecora germinó sólo con luz en un amplio rango de temperaturas alternadas. La temperatura base en luz y en oscuridad fue de aproximadamente 14 °C para N. longiflora y de aproximadamente 6 °C para O. indecora. A partir de la temperatura base se puede inferir que N. longiflora es una especie con un ciclo de crecimiento primavero-estival y O. indecora otoño-primavero-estival.

          Translated abstract

          Nicotiana longiflora and Oenothera indecora are species of recent appearance in croplands in the Argentine humid pampa zone and there is a lack of knowledge about the environmental factors affecting their germination. The temperature and light requirements for germination and the base temperature of both species were determined. Under constant temperatures, germination was higher between 20 and 35 °C for N. longiflora and between 10 and 20 °C for O. indecora. Under fluctuating temperatures, N. longiflora showed higher germination rates in a wide range of temperatures with light. In darkness, germination was higher only between 10-20 °C for N. longiflora, whereas O. indecora germinated only with light, within a wide range of fluctuating temperatures. Base temperature under light and darkness conditions was approximately 14 °C for N. longiflora and approximately 6 °C for O. indecora. Base temperature indicates that N. longiflora is a species with a spring-summer growing season and O. indecora shows an autumn-spring-summer growing season.

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          The Effects of Seed Burial and Soil Disturbance on Emergence and Survival of Arable Weeds in Relation to Minimal Cultivation

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            Seed size variation and predation of seeds produced by wild and crop-wild sunflowers.

            The movement of pollen between crop and wild sunflowers (both Helianthus annuus) has led to concerns about the possible introduction of crop transgenes into wild populations. The persistence of crop traits in wild populations will depend in part on the relative fitness of crop-wild hybrid vs. wild plants. Using seeds from two large experimental field plots, we found that seeds produced by crop-wild plants were twice the size of wild seeds and differed in coloration. Head diameter, date of flowering, identity of mother plant, and levels of predispersal predation explained some variation in mean seed size. We hypothesized that postdispersal vertebrate seed predation would be affected by seed size, with hybrid seeds preferentially eaten. In each of three field trials, significantly more hybrid seeds were eaten (62% of hybrid seed; 42% of wild seed). Within the category of wild seeds, larger seeds were preferentially eaten; however among hybrid seeds, predation was not significantly related to seed size. In this study, differential predation thus reduces hybrid fitness and would presumably slow the spread of transgenes into wild populations.
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              Estimation of cardinal temperatures in germination data analysis

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                agrisc
                Agriscientia
                Agriscientia
                Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina )
                1668-298X
                June 2006
                : 23
                : 1
                : 15-21
                Affiliations
                [01] Zavalla Santa Fe orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Rosario orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias orgdiv2Cátedra de Malezas Argentina
                Article
                S1668-298X2006000100003
                e64253cd-42e9-4891-93fa-be7ad9263eab

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 June 2006
                : 29 July 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Luz,Oenothera indecora,Germination,Temperature,Light,Nicotiana longiflora,Temperatura,Germinación

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