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      Personalidad y resiliencia en un cuerpo especial de la Policía Nacional de España Translated title: Personality and resilience in a special corps of the National Police in Spain

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          Abstract

          Se valora la relación entre datos sociodemográficos, personalidad y resiliencia en una muestra de 348 policías masculinos de las unidades de intervención policial (UIP) de España (N = 348) entre los 23 y los 38 años (M = 26.88, DT = 3.12). Los resultados mostraron que la edad y el nivel educativo junto con la dominancia, la escrupulosidad, perseverancia, control de los impulsos y emociones estaban muy relacionados con la resiliencia. Además, el 66% de la varianza en resiliencia vendría dado por cuatro variables: la edad y el nivel académico y el tesón y el control de las emociones. Se discute la importancia de algunas variables socio-demográficas y diferencias individuales como predictoras del nivel de resiliencia en profesionales especializados de la policía y se abren algunas vías de trabajo para el estudio de la resiliencia en otros colectivos profesionales expuestos de forma constante a situaciones de extrema adversidad.

          Translated abstract

          The relationship between socio-demographic data, personality, and resilience is assessed in a sample of 348 male police intervention units (PIU) in Spain (N = 348) between 23 and 38 years (M = 26.88, SD = 3.12). The results showed that age and education, along with dominance, conscientiousness, perseverance, impulse control, and emotions were closely related to resilience. In addition, 66% of the variance in resilience would be given by four variables: age and academic level and the determination and control of emotions. The importance of some socio-demographic and individual differences as predictors of the level of resilience in specialized police professionals' variables is discussed and some ways to work are open to the study of resilience in other professional groups constantly exposed to situations of extreme adversity.

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          Most cited references134

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          Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Extremely Aversive Events?

          Many people are exposed to loss or potentially traumatic events at some point in their lives, and yet they continue to have positive emotional experiences and show only minor and transient disruptions in their ability to function. Unfortunately, because much of psychology's knowledge about how adults cope with loss or trauma has come from individuals who sought treatment or exhibited great distress, loss and trauma theorists have often viewed this type of resilience as either rare or pathological. The author challenges these assumptions by reviewing evidence that resilience represents a distinct trajectory from the process of recovery, that resilience in the face of loss or potential trauma is more common than is often believed, and that there are multiple and sometimes unexpected pathways to resilience. ((c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved)
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            Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability: implications for successful adaptation to extreme stress.

            Most research on the effects of severe psychological stress has focused on stress-related psychopathology. Here, the author develops psychobiological models of resilience to extreme stress. An integrative model of resilience and vulnerability that encompasses the neurochemical response patterns to acute stress and the neural mechanisms mediating reward, fear conditioning and extinction, and social behavior is proposed. Eleven possible neurochemical, neuropeptide, and hormonal mediators of the psychobiological response to extreme stress were identified and related to resilience or vulnerability. The neural mechanisms of reward and motivation (hedonia, optimism, and learned helpfulness), fear responsiveness (effective behaviors despite fear), and adaptive social behavior (altruism, bonding, and teamwork) were found to be relevant to the character traits associated with resilience. The opportunity now exists to bring to bear the full power of advances in our understanding of the neurobiological basis of behavior to facilitate the discoveries needed to predict, prevent, and treat stress-related psychopathology.
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              Neural mechanisms of stress resilience and vulnerability.

              Exposure to stressful events can be differently perceived by individuals and can have persistent sequelae depending on the level of stress resilience or vulnerability of each person. The neural processes that underlie such clinically and socially important differences reside in the anatomical, functional, and molecular connectivity of the brain. Recent work has provided novel insight into some of the involved biological mechanisms that promises to help prevent and treat stress-related disorders. In this review, we focus on causal and mechanistic evidence implicating altered functions and connectivity of the neuroendocrine system, and of hippocampal, cortical, reward, and serotonergic circuits in the establishment and the maintenance of stress resilience and vulnerability. We also touch upon recent findings suggesting a role for epigenetic mechanisms and neurogenesis in these processes and briefly discuss promising avenues of future investigation. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rpto
                Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones
                Rev. psicol. trab. organ.
                Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1576-5962
                2174-0534
                August 2014
                : 30
                : 2
                : 75-81
                Affiliations
                [01] Jaén orgnameUniversidad de Jaén España
                Article
                S1576-59622014000200005
                10.1016/j.rpto.2014.06.003
                e6b506a0-f2fa-4233-9fff-93171969b988

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 April 2014
                : 23 July 2013
                : 24 June 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 97, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Resiliencia,Variables socio-demográficas,Personalidad,Policías,Correlacional,Resilience,Socio-demographic variables,Personality,Policemen,Correlational

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