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      Leishmaniose tegumentar americana canina em municípios do norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil Translated title: Canine American cutaneous leishmaniasis in municipalities of northern Paraná State, Brazil

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          Abstract

          A leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) é endêmica no norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, afetando tanto o homem como os cães. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a ocorrência da doença na população canina em áreas endêmicas de LTA. No período de setembro de 1999 a julho de 2002, foram investigados cães em sete localidades rurais de cinco municípios onde ocorreram casos humanos autóctones da doença, utilizando métodos parasitológicos e sorológicos. Dos 67 cães estudados, 14 (20,9%) tinham lesões sugestivas de LTA, dos quais 3 (21,4%) estavam infectados por Leishmania sp. Trinta e sete (55,2%) cães apresentaram imunofluorescência indireta positiva para Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Os resultados mostram a ocorrência simultânea de leishmaniose humana e canina e indicam a necessidade de estudos adicionais para esclarecer o papel do cão no ciclo de transmissão do parasito nessas áreas.

          Translated abstract

          American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is an endemic disease in northern Paraná State, where it affects humans and dogs. This study aimed to verify the occurrence of the canine disease in ACL endemic areas. From September 1999 to July 2002, dogs were investigated in 7 rural areas of 5 municipalities where autochthonous human cases of ACL had been reported. Parasitological and serological methods were used. Fourteen of 67 dogs studied (20.9%) had lesions suggestive of ACL, of which 3 (21.4%) were infected with Leishmania sp. Indirect immunofluorescence for Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis was positive in 37 (55.2%) of 67 dogs. The results showed that human and canine ACL occur simultaneously and indicate the need for additional studies to elucidate the role of dogs in the ACL transmission cycle in the area studied.

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          Is the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) a reservoir host of American cutaneous leishmaniasis? A critical review of the current evidence.

          Originally associated with forested areas, the transmission cycle of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) has now adapted to the domestic environment in at least 9 Latin American countries. Several studies have suggested that the domestic dog (Canis familiaris), which is already incriminated as the primary reservoir host of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL), may have a reservoir role in the domestic transmission of human ACL caused by Leishmania braziliensis, L. panamensis, and L. peruviana. This article reviews more than 90 studies reporting ACL infections in dogs, and concludes that as yet there is only circumstantial evidence to support that claim. Almost no data are available on the infectiousness of dogs to sandfly vectors of ACL, and there are few indications that either dog ownership or dog abundance are risk factors for ACL. Nevertheless, it has been proposed that incidence of ACL in humans could be reduced by targeting infected dogs. While this control strategy has been used for many decades against ZVL in Latin America, Europe, and Asia, there is little evidence to demonstrate its effectiveness either in theory or in practice. Particular concerns over the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tools, low compliance rates among dog owners, and cost-effectiveness are likely to apply equally to ACL control.
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            Studies on sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

            Lutzomyia intermedia was the predominant species. It was collected indoors but in much higher numbers outdoors, in the close vicinity of houses. In comparative captures it was found to feed more frequently on equines, and less frequently on man and dogs. Studies, using man and animals as baits, showed that blood-feeding started in the evening, and remained stable during the night, until early morning. June, August and October were the months of highest density.
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              Participação do cão no ciclo de transmissão da Leishmaniose tegumentar no município de Viana, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil

              Em área endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar no município de Viana, Estado do Espírito Santo, investigou-se a ocorrência de infecção natural por Leishmania em animais domésticos, procurando-se relacionar a presença dos animais infectados com a ocorrência da doença humana. No período de três semanas foram examinados 186 cães, dos quais 32 (17,2%) estavam parasitados. Durante um ano surgiram, entre os moradores da área, 11 casos novos de leishmaniose tegumentar. Três amostras humanas de Leishmania e 27 amostras isoladas de cães foram identificadas como L. braziliensis braziliensis. Observou-se nítida relação entre a presença de cães infectados e a ocorrência de novos casos humanos da doença. Supõe-se que a moléstia esteja se comportando na área como uma zoonose mantida pelos cães domésticos.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                December 2005
                : 21
                : 6
                : 1957-1961
                Affiliations
                [02] Maringá Paraná orgnameSecretaria de Saúde do Paraná orgdiv1Núcleo de Entomologia de Maringá Brasil
                [01] Maringá orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Maringá orgdiv1Departamento de Análises Clínicas Brasil
                Article
                S0102-311X2005000600047 S0102-311X(05)02100647
                e715d561-6d8a-48a4-a1f8-1ca7898dfd2a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 August 2005
                : 18 August 2005
                : 14 October 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Nota

                Endemic Diseases,Doenças Endêmicas,Zoonoses,Leishmaniose,Leishmaniasis

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