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      Factors predicting self-care behavior of cardiovascular patients during the COVID-19 epidemic

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          Abstract

          Background

          The COVID-19 virus has had wide-ranging effects on all healthcare systems and a direct impact on all areas of human life in all countries around the world. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive actions to reduce the prevalence and severity of the complications associated with this disease. The purpose of this study was to explain the dimensions of adopting general self-care behaviors (mask-wearing, social distancing, hand hygiene, and home quarantine) for preventing COVID-19 based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in cardiovascular patients.

          Methods

          This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted with the participation of 420 patients referring to health and treatment centers of Ahvaz, southwest of Iran, in 2022. Sampling was done using a non-random (convenience) method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire containing items addressing demographic characteristics, questions related to the TPB, and questions dealing with the adoption of everyday self-care behaviors against contracting COVID-19. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (prevalence, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and linear regression) in SPSS version 25.

          Results

          The results of this study showed that the rate of adoption of self-care behaviors against COVID-19 among cardiovascular patients was moderate. The results also showed that among the constructs of the TPB, Perceived behavioral control, Subjective norms, and Perceived behavioral intention were the most important predictors of adopting self-care behaviors among cardiovascular patients with a change variance of 46%.

          Conclusions

          The results of the present study have implications for health and treatment policy makers as well as planners of educational and behavioral interventions aimed at promoting the adoption of self-care behaviors against COVID-19. In this respect, managing and institutionalizing desirable behaviors among cardiovascular patients could be beneficial from economic, social, and health-related aspects.

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          Most cited references30

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          Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

          Dawei Wang, Bo Hu, Fangfang Zhu … (2020)
          In December 2019, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (NCIP) occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases has increased rapidly but information on the clinical characteristics of affected patients is limited.
          Article 0 comments Cited 10859 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The theory of planned behavior

            Icek Ajzen (1991)
            Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211
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              Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic

              Elissa Driggin, Mahesh V Madhavan, Behnood Bikdeli … (2020)
              The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that has significant implications for the cardiovascular care of patients. First, those with COVID-19 and pre-existing cardiovascular disease have an increased risk of severe disease and death. Second, infection has been associated with multiple direct and indirect cardiovascular complications including acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism. Third, therapies under investigation for COVID-19 may have cardiovascular side effects. Fourth, the response to COVID-19 can compromise the rapid triage of non-COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular conditions. Finally, the provision of cardiovascular care may place health care workers in a position of vulnerability as they become hosts or vectors of virus transmission. We hereby review the peer-reviewed and pre-print reports pertaining to cardiovascular considerations related to COVID-19 and highlight gaps in knowledge that require further study pertinent to patients, health care workers, and health systems.
              Article 0 comments Cited 916 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Arash Salahshouri:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-6299
                aidin_salahshoori@yahoo.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Cardiovasc Disord
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Cardiovasc Disord
                Title: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2261
                Publication date (Electronic): 9 May 2024
                Publication date PMC-release: 9 May 2024
                Publication date Collection: 2024
                Volume: 24
                Electronic Location Identifier: 228
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, Mahabad Faculty of Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/03jbsdf87) Urmia, Iran
                [2 ]Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Golestan Teaching Hospital of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
                [3 ]Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, ( https://ror.org/03mwgfy56) Tehran, Iran
                [4 ]Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Eastern Finland, ( https://ror.org/00cyydd11) P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211 Finland
                [5 ]Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/01rws6r75) Ahvaz, Iran
                [6 ]Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/01rws6r75) Ahvaz, Iran
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-3157
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0836-3514
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9753-0440
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-6299
                Article
                Publisher ID: 3882
                DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03882-3
                PMC ID: 11080305
                PubMed ID: 38724928
                SO-VID: e7cf4730-756a-4138-b98f-cdd324b2fcdf
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2024
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 27 November 2023
                Date accepted : 8 April 2024
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine
                Keywords: covid-19,cardiovascular health,self-care,theory of planned behavior
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine
                Keywords: covid-19, cardiovascular health, self-care, theory of planned behavior

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