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      As the Antarctic Ice Pack Recedes, a Fragile Ecosystem Hangs in the Balance

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      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: PLoS Biology
      Publisher: Public Library of Science

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          Abstract

          Many key species of the Antarctic marine ecosystem--including krill, the backbone of the food chain--depend on the availability of winter sea ice. If global temperatures continue to rise and the winter ice pack continues to recede, this fragile Antarctic marine ecosystem could face collapse

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          A predator's perspective on causal links between climate change, physical forcing and ecosystem response

          EE Hofmann, WR Fraser (2003)
          Article 0 comments Cited 87 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Solar UVB-induced DNA damage and photoenzymatic DNA repair in antarctic zooplankton.

            H William Detrich, Elizabeth D Mitchell, D Malloy … (1997)
            The detrimental effects of elevated intensities of mid-UV radiation (UVB), a result of stratospheric ozone depletion during the austral spring, on the primary producers of the Antarctic marine ecosystem have been well documented. Here we report that natural populations of Antarctic zooplankton also sustain significant DNA damage [measured as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs)] during periods of increased UVB flux. This is the first direct evidence that increased solar UVB may result in damage to marine organisms other than primary producers in Antarctica. The extent of DNA damage in pelagic icefish eggs correlated with daily incident UVB irradiance, reflecting the difference between acquisition and repair of CPDs. Patterns of DNA damage in fish larvae did not correlate with daily UVB flux, possibly due to different depth distributions and/or different capacities for DNA repair. Clearance of CPDs by Antarctic fish and krill was mediated primarily by the photoenzymatic repair system. Although repair rates were large for all species evaluated, they were apparently inadequate to prevent the transient accumulation of substantial CPD burdens. The capacity for DNA repair in Antarctic organisms was highest in those species whose early life history stages occupy the water column during periods of ozone depletion (austral spring) and lowest in fish species whose eggs and larvae are abundant during winter. Although the potential reduction in fitness of Antarctic zooplankton resulting from DNA damage is unknown, we suggest that increased solar UV may reduce recruitment and adversely affect trophic transfer of productivity by affecting heterotrophic species as well as primary producers.
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              Krill (Euphausiacea) demography and variability in abundance and distribution

              Volker Siegel (2000)
              Article 0 comments Cited 11 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS Biol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): pbio
                Title: PLoS Biology
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                ISSN (Print): 1544-9173
                ISSN (Electronic): 1545-7885
                Publication date (Print): April 2005
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 April 2005
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 4
                Electronic Location Identifier: e127
                Article
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030127
                PMC ID: 1074811
                PubMed ID: 15819605
                SO-VID: e7f70b66-7977-4044-a595-b21594436c5c
                Copyright © Copyright: © 2005 Liza Gross. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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                Categories
                Subject: Feature
                Subject: Ecology
                Subject: Evolution
                Subject: Science Policy
                Subject: Zoology
                Subject: Animals
                Subject: Crustaceans
                Subject: Birds

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences

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