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      Factores asociados al no tratamiento farmacológico en brasileños con presión arterial elevada Translated title: Factors associated with non-pharmacological treatment in Brazilians with high blood pressure

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción Uno de los problemas de salud pública más importantes y con rápido aumento en los países en vías de desarrollo es la hipertensión. En este estudio se determinaron los factores asociados al no tratamiento farmacológico en personas con presión arterial elevada. Material y Métodos Estudio transversal realizado en 363 brasileños entre 40 y 98 años, pertenecientes al estudio VIGICARDIO, Brasil. Para asociar la presión arterial elevada a factores sociodemográficos y de salud de personas sin tratamiento farmacológico se utilizó regresión logística. Resultados La probabilidad de tener presión arterial elevada sin tratamiento farmacológico fue mayor en hombres (OR:3,3; IC95%:1,9-5,8), menores de 60 años (OR:1,9; IC95%:1,0-1,5), con buena percepción de la salud (OR:2,3; IC95%:1,3-3,9), con peso normal (OR:2,1; IC95%:1,2-3,8), no diabéticos (OR:21,4; IC95%:2,97-159,8), con consumo abusivo de alcohol (OR:2,9; IC95%:1,5-5,7), que comían verduras o legumbres 4 veces o menos a la semana (OR:2,26; IC95%:1,1-3,8), que consumían la carne con grasa (OR:2,1; IC95%:1,2-3,6), y que tenían una presión arterial sistólica ≥90mm/Hg (OR:3,1; IC95%:1,8-5,6). No obstante, aquellos con triglicéridos ≥150mm/dL (OR:0,6; IC95%:0,3-0,9), y con high density lipoprotein ≤45mm/dL (OR:0,5; IC95%:0,3-0,8) mostraron menor probabilidad de estar sin tratamiento. Conclusiones Aquellos sin tratamiento farmacológico tuvieron menos obesidad o diabetes, pero peor estilo de vida y conductas alimentarias. Los servicios sanitarios deben fortalecer capacidades diagnósticas.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction Hypertension is one of the most important and rapidly increasing public health problems in developing countries. In this study, factors associated with non-pharmacological treatment in people with high blood pressure were determined. Material and Methods A transversal study was carried out on 363 Brazilians between 40 and 98 years old, belonging to VIGICARDIO study, Cambe-PR, Brazil. To associate high blood pressure to socio-demographic and health factors of people without pharmacological treatment, logistic regression was used. Results The probability of having high blood pressure without pharmacological treatment was higher in men (OR:3.3; 95%CI:1.9-5.8), under 60 years (OR:1.9; 95%CI:1.0-1.5), with good perception of health (OR:2.3; 95%CI:1.3-3.9), normal weight (OR:2.1; 95%CI:1.2-3.8), non-diabetics (OR:21.4; 95%CI:2.97-159.8), who abused alcohol (OR:2.9; 95%CI:1.5-5.7), who ate vegetables or legumes 4 times or less a week (OR:2.26; 95%CI:1.1-3.8), who consumed meat with fat (OR:2.1; 95%CI:1.2-3.6), and who had systolic blood pressure ≥90mm/Hg (OR:3.1; 95%CI:1.8-5.6). However, those with triglycerides ≥150mm/dL (OR:0.6; 95%CI:0.3-0.9), and with high density lipoprotein ≤45mm/dL (OR:0.5; 95%CI:0.3-0.8) were less likely to be without treatment. Conclusions Those without pharmacological treatment had less obesity or diabetes, but worse lifestyle and eating behaviors. Health services should strengthen diagnostic capabilities.

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          Most cited references35

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          VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão

          (2010)
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            The obesity epidemic and its impact on hypertension.

            Global obesity rates have increased steadily in both developed and emerging countries over the past several decades with little signs of slowing down. Over 1.5 billion people worldwide are overweight or obese and over 40 million children under the age of 5 are overweight. Obesity is associated with increased morbidity, disability, and premature mortality from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, and musculoskeletal disorders. The personal and societal health and economic burden of this preventable disease pose a serious threat to our societies. Obesity is a major risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Weight loss, through health behaviour modification and dietary sodium restriction, is the cornerstone in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension. Pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery for obesity are adjunctive measures when health behaviour interventions fail to achieve the body weight and health targets. Successful management of overweight and obese persons requires a comprehensive, multifaceted framework that integrates population health, public health, and medical health models to dismantle the proximal and distal drivers of the obesogenic environment in which we live. Prevention of obesity is no longer a lofty but rather necessary goal that urgently calls for action from governments at all levels, in conjunction with all public and private sector stakeholders, in order to combat a serious and growing public health concern. Copyright © 2012 Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Dietary approaches to prevent hypertension.

              Elevated blood pressure arises from a combination of environmental and genetic factors and the interactions of these factors. A substantial body of evidence from animal studies, epidemiologic studies, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials has demonstrated that certain dietary patterns and individual dietary elements play a prominent role in the development of hypertension. Changes in diet can lower blood pressure, prevent the development of hypertension, and reduce the risk of hypertension-related complications. Dietary strategies for the prevention of hypertension include reducing sodium intake, limiting alcohol consumption, increasing potassium intake, and adopting an overall dietary pattern such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet or a Mediterranean diet. In order to reduce the burden of blood pressure-related complications, efforts that focus on environmental and individual behavioral changes that encourage and promote healthier food choices are warranted.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                March 2019
                : 23
                : 1
                : 27-37
                Affiliations
                [2] Paraná orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Londrina orgdiv1Centro de Educação Física e Esporte orgdiv2Departamento de Educação Física Brazil
                [1] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                Article
                S2174-51452019000100027 S2174-5145(19)02300100027
                10.14306/renhyd.23.1.649
                e8f3e83d-5769-446d-8639-ea3bce9d370d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 February 2019
                : 05 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigaciones

                Presión Arterial,Blood Chemical Analysis,Estilo de Vida,Feeding Behavior,Análisis Químico de la Sangre,Life Style,Tratamiento Farmacológico,Drug Therapy,Arterial Pressure,Conducta Alimentaria

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