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Abstract
Persons who were perceived to be Arabs experienced a period of increased harassment,
violence, and workplace discrimination in the United States in the weeks immediately
following September 11, 2001. Drawing on prior studies that have hypothesized that
experiences of discrimination increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight,
this study explores whether there was an effect on birth outcomes for pregnant women
of Arab descent. California birth certificate data are used to determine the relative
risk of poor birth outcomes by race, ethnicity, and nativity for women who gave birth
in the six months following September 2001, compared with the same six calendar months
one year earlier. The relative risk of poor birth outcomes was significantly elevated
for Arabic-named women and not for any of the other groups.