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      La enseñanza a pacientes con diabetes: significado para profesionales de enfermería Translated title: O ensino a pacientes com diabetes: significado para profissionais de enfermagem Translated title: Teaching to diabetes patients: Meaning for the professionals of Nursing

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Describir el significado que para profesionales de enfermería tiene la enseñanza a pacientes diabéticos hospitalizados sobre su cuidado en el hogar. Método: Estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico, descriptivo, desarrollado en un hospital de Culiacán, Sinaloa. Selección de participantes con base a muestreo teórico: fueron enfermeras que laboran en servicios de medicina interna y cirugía. Número de entrevistas con base en la saturación de datos. En aspectos éticos, han sido considerados los principios de beneficencia, confidencialidad y respeto a la intimidad, así como la autorización de los participantes mediante consentimiento informado. Para recolección de datos se utilizó entrevista a profundidad. Instrumentos: guía de preguntas semiestructurada y notas de campo. El análisis y la interpretación de los datos fueron de acuerdo a la propuesta de De Sousa Minayo, basada en el análisis temático, que incluye: organización de datos, clasificación de temas y análisis final. Resultados: Se realizaron 7 entrevistas. El análisis inicial identificó que la relación intersubjetiva de la enfermera con el paciente y su familia se puede realizar en cualquier espacio de enseñanza. Se generaron dos categorías; en este manuscrito solo se referirá la categoría información que proporciona la enfermera, que incluyó tres subcategorías: información que proporciona al paciente, a la familia y momentos para enseñar. Conclusión: Los hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de redefinir el papel de la (del) enfermera(o) en la enseñanza a pacientes diabéticos y considerar la importancia del contexto en desarrollo de esta función; estos tienen utilidad en planteamiento de propuestas educativas efectivas que contribuyan a potencializar la enseñanza a estos pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o significado que tem o ensino a pacientes diabéticos hospitalizados sobre o cuidado no lar para profissionais de enfermagem. Método: estudo qualitativo, fenomenológico, descritivo, desenvolvido em um hospital de Culiacán, Sinaloa, seleção de participantes com base na amostragem teórica, foram enfermeiras que lavoram em serviços de medicina interna e cirurgia, número de entrevistas com base na saturação de dados. Em aspectos éticos têm sido considerados os princípios de beneficência, confidencialidade e respeito à intimidade, bem como a autorização de participantes através de consentimento informado. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se entrevista a profundidade, instrumentos: guia de perguntas semiestruturada e notas de campo. A análise e interpretação de dados foi conforme à proposta de De Sousa Minayo, baseada na análise temática, que inclui: organização de dados, classificação de temas e análise final. Resultados: Realizaram-se 7 entrevistas. Análise inicial identificou que a relação intersubjetiva da enfermeira com o paciente e sua família, pode se realizar em qualquer espaço de ensino. Geraram-se duas categorias, neste manuscrito, só se referirá a categoria informação que proporciona a enfermeira que incluiu três subcategorias: informação que proporciona ao paciente, à família e momentos para ensinar. Conclusão: Os achados evidenciam a necessidade de redefinir o papel da enfermeira (o) no ensino a pacientes diabéticos e considerar a importância do contexto no desenvolvimento desta função, estes têm utilidade na abordagem de propostas educativas efetivas, que contribuem a potencializar o ensino a estes pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To describe the meaning which Nursing professionals have about their teaching to hospitalized patients with diabetes regarding their home care. Method: This is a qualitative, phenomenological and descriptive study conducted in a Hospital in Culiacan, Sinaloa. The participants were selected on the basis of theoretical sampling and included nurses working in the services of internal medicine and surgery. Interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. Regarding the ethical aspects, the principles of beneficence, confidentiality, and respect to the intimacy were considered as well as the participants’ authorization through their informed consent. Data were collected through interviews with semi-structured questions and field notes. The analysis and interpretation was conducted following the De Sousa Minayo proposal which is based on thematic analysis, and includes: organization of data, classification of themes, and final analysis. Results: Seven interviews were conducted. In the initial analysis, it was identified that the inter-subjective relation between the nurse and the patient and family can take place in any teaching space. Two categories emerged, one of these being information which the nurse provides which included tree sub-categories: information provided to the patient, information provided to the family, and the moments to do the teaching. Conclusion: The findings suggest that there exists a necessity to re-define the role of the nurses regarding their teaching to diabetic patients, and also to consider the importance of the context in the development of this function; all these in order to generate effective educational proposals which can contribute to the improvement of their teaching to these patients.

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          Promover la vida

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            Nurses' perceptions, understanding and experiences of health promotion.

            This paper presents an account of nurses' perceptions and understanding of health promotion in an acute setting. Health promotion is considered the remit of every nurse. To engage in health-promoting practice, however, nurses need to understand the term 'health promotion' clearly. A single qualitative embedded case study was used. Purposive sampling of eight nurses was employed. Initially, theses nurses were observed in practice and, following this, a semi-structured one-to-one interview was conducted with each observed nurse. Qualitative data analysis guided by work of Miles and Huberman was employed. The data revealed one main theme: health-promoting nursing practice and this consisted of six categories and five subcategories. The findings indicated that nurses struggled to describe their understanding of health promotion, their understanding was limited and the strategies described to conduct health promotion were narrow and focused on the individual. Their perceptions and descriptions of health promotion were more in keeping with the traditional health education approach. Overall health promotion was reported to occur infrequently, being added on if the nurse had time. Factors relating to education, organizational and management issues were identified as key barriers prohibiting health-promoting nursing practice. Nurses must recognize that health promotion is a broad concept that does not exclusively focus on the individual or lifestyle factors. Nurses must be educated to recognize health-promoting opportunities in the acute setting, as well as how to plan for and conduct health promotion so that it becomes integral to practice. A review of the methods of organizing and delivering nursing care is also advocated. Ward managers have an important role in supporting nurses, creating a culture for health promotion and sharing power in decision-making processes, so that nurses feel valued and empowered.
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              La artesanía de la investigación cualitativa

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                eu
                Enfermería universitaria
                Enferm. univ
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia (México, DF, Mexico )
                1665-7063
                2395-8421
                March 2017
                : 14
                : 1
                : 39-46
                Affiliations
                [3] Ciudad de México orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia orgdiv2División de Estudios Profesionales Mexico
                [2] Ciudad de México orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia Mexico
                [1] Culiacán Sinaloa orgnameHospital Regional I.S.S.S.T.E. orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermería México
                Article
                S1665-70632017000100039
                10.1016/j.reu.2016.12.003
                eb14682c-aebe-40bd-8c6c-bd6a60085221

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 November 2016
                : 18 September 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Mexico


                Health education,México,Diabetes mellitus,Enseñanza al paciente,Cuidados de enfermería,Educación en salud,Mexico,Patient teaching,Nursing care,Cuidados de enfermagem, Educação do paciente,Educação em saúde

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