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      Revisão sistemática das características dos homicídios contra a população LGBT Translated title: Systematic review of the characteristics of LGBT homicides

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          Abstract

          Resumo A população de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (LGBT) há tempo mostra-se excluída da sociedade. Uma realidade oriunda da marginalização ainda presente nos dias de hoje. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o perfil quantitativo de homicídios contra a população LGBT quanto às características dos crimes, das vítimas e dos autores. Revisão sistemática, incluindo estudos quantitativos sobre homicídios de LGBT. As bases das pesquisas foram: Pubmed Central (Medline); Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS); Embase, (Elsevier); Scopus (Elsevier), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e PsyNET (American Psychological Association - APA) com termos MESH selecionados. Protocolo do PROSPERO: CRD42016053977. Dezesseis estudos foram incluídos. Os homicídios tendem a envolver uma vítima e um autor, que ocorrem na residência da vítima ou via pública. A vítima geralmente é mais idosa do que o autor do crime, normalmente desconhecido pela vítima. Os transgêneros são os LGBT mais acometidos e, em geral, são jovens com menos de 30 anos. Esta revisão confirma que esses homicídios podem ser considerados “crimes de ódio”, em que esses indivíduos, em geral, são vitimados por armas de fogo, armas brancas, espancados ou asfixiados até a morte.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) population has long been excluded, a reality produced by social marginalization, which is still present in today’s society. This article aims to present a quantitative profile of LGBT homicides, focusing on the crimes, victims, and perpetrators. We conducted a systematic review of quantitative studies on LGBT homicide using the following databases: PubMed Central (Medline), Latin American and Caribbean Center for Health Sciences Information (LILACS), Embase (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier), the Virtual Health Library (BVS), and APA PsycNet. The searches were run using terms taken from the Medical Subject Headings (MESHs) and Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS - BVS). Sixteen studies were included. Homicides tended to involve a single victim and single perpetrator and occur at the victim’s residence or in public locations. Victims were more likely to be older than the perpetrator and offenders were usually unknown to the victim. Transgender people were the most affected group and most of the victims in this group were aged under 30 years. The findings of this review confirm that LGBT homicides may be considered “hate crimes” and that victims are generally killed with firearms or non-firearms, beaten to death or suffocated.

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          Most cited references32

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          Grey Literature in Meta-Analyses

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            Critical appraisal of the health research literature: prevalence or incidence of a health problem

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              Outside Looking In: The Community Impacts of Anti-Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Hate Crime

              Hate crime scholars have long argued that the harms of hate crime extend beyond the immediate victim to negatively impact the victim's reference community. However, this assertion is speculative and in need of empirical support. Utilizing focus group data from 15 people who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or pansexual, this pilot study explored the extent to which the harms of anti-LGB hate crime spread beyond the immediate victim to impact nonvictims in the LGB community. The findings suggest that anti-LGB hate violence can have profound and negative effects on the psychological and emotional well-being of nonvictims who are LGB and may result in dramatic behavioral change as well. The findings also indicate that hate violence negatively affected participants' decisions to disclose their sexual orientation to others. On a more positive note, however, awareness of such violence may also mobilize some people within the LGB community.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csc
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1413-8123
                1678-4561
                November 2021
                : 26
                : 9
                : 5615-5628
                Affiliations
                [2] Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora orgdiv1Faculdade de Serviço Social Brazil
                [1] Manaus Amazonas orgnameUniversidade do Estado do Amazonas orgdiv1Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde Brazil wgmendes@ 123456uea.edu.br
                [3] Rio de Janeiro orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca orgdiv2Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde Brazil
                Article
                S1413-81232021001105615 S1413-8123(21)02601105615
                10.1590/1413-812320212611.33362020
                34852094
                ec87b08d-6244-463d-98f2-a56ac7a94dde

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 September 2020
                : 06 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Homophobia,Minorias sexuais e de gênero,Ho micídio,Homofobia,Revisão sistemática,Sexual and gender minorities,Homicide,Systematic review

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