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      Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis of infancy: A rare diagnosis in children

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          Abstract

          Remember EPFI as a differential diagnosis in children with a rash on the scalp and no effect of antibiotic treatment.

          Abstract

          Remember EPFI as a differential diagnosis in children with a rash on the scalp and no effect of antibiotic treatment.

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          Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis: A proposal of diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms.

          Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is a sterile inflammatory dermatosis of unknown etiology. In addition to classic EPF, which affects otherwise healthy individuals, an immunocompromised state can cause immunosuppression-associated EPF (IS-EPF), which may be referred to dermatologists in inpatient services for assessments. Infancy-associated EPF (I-EPF) is the least characterized subtype, being observed mainly in non-Japanese infants. Diagnosis of EPF is challenging because its lesions mimic those of other common diseases, such as acne and dermatomycosis. Furthermore, there is no consensus regarding the treatment for each subtype of EPF. Here, we created procedure algorithms that facilitate the diagnosis and selection of therapeutic options on the basis of published work available in the public domain. Our diagnostic algorithm comprised a simple flowchart to direct physicians toward proper diagnosis. Recommended regimens were summarized in an easy-to-comprehend therapeutic algorithm for each subtype of EPF. These algorithms would facilitate the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure of EPF.
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            Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis: a review of the Japanese published works.

            Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF), also known as Ofuji's disease, is an inflammatory dermatosis that was first described in Japan in 1970. More than 300 cases have been reported so far, and 113 Japanese cases have been reported in Japan since 1980. To comprehend the characteristics of Japanese EPF cases, we classified these cases into three types: classic, immunosuppression-associated (IS-EPF), and infancy-associated (I-EPF). Trends in age of onset and in distribution and characterization of eruptions differed between the types. We found 91 cases of classic EPF (mean age, 39.7 years), consisting of 66 males (73%) and 25 females (27%), in most of which eruptions primarily affected the face; 18 cases of IS-EPF (44.2 years), consisting of 15 males (83%) and three females (17%), in which eruptions affected the face less predominantly; and four cases of I-EPF (7.0 years), consisting of two males (50%) and two females (50%), primarily affecting the scalp. The number of IS-EPF cases has increased since the late 1990s, reflecting the increasing number of HIV-positive patients in Japan. Systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were effective in more than 70% of cases. Dimethyl diphenyl sulfone, antibiotics including minocycline, psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy and ultraviolet B treatments worked in some cases. Topical steroids and tacrolimus were also effective in some cases of EPF, while topical indomethacin was less effective.
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              Eosinophilic dermatoses

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                annfru@rm.dk
                Journal
                Clin Case Rep
                Clin Case Rep
                10.1002/(ISSN)2050-0904
                CCR3
                Clinical Case Reports
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2050-0904
                11 May 2021
                May 2021
                : 9
                : 5 ( doiID: 10.1002/ccr3.v9.5 )
                : e04167
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Dermatology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
                [ 2 ] Department of Pathology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Anne Sofie Frølunde, Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul‐Jensens Boulevard 99, DK‐8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.

                Email: annfru@ 123456rm.dk

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-0626
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4570-600X
                Article
                CCR34167
                10.1002/ccr3.4167
                8117823
                ed625dec-bd36-437b-979b-9fe56a38c899
                © 2021 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 22 March 2021
                : 29 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 0, Pages: 3, Words: 1032
                Categories
                Case Report
                Case Reports
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                May 2021
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.0.2 mode:remove_FC converted:13.05.2021

                eosinophilic,folliculitis,inflammatory dermatosis
                eosinophilic, folliculitis, inflammatory dermatosis

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