Mo 2 C-induced hydrogen production enhances microbial electrosynthesis of acetate from CO 2  reduction

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Abstract

Background

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is a biocathode-driven process, in which electroautotrophic microorganisms can directly uptake electrons or indirectly via H ₂ from the cathode as energy sources and CO ₂ as only carbon source to produce chemicals.

Results

This study demonstrates that a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst can enhance MES performance. An active HER electrocatalyst molybdenum carbide (Mo ₂C)-modified electrode was constructed for MES. The volumetric acetate production rate of MES with 12 mg cm ⁻² Mo ₂C was 0.19 ± 0.02 g L ⁻¹ day ⁻¹, which was 2.1 times higher than that of the control. The final acetate concentration reached 5.72 ± 0.6 g L ⁻¹ within 30 days, and coulombic efficiencies of 64 ± 0.7% were yielded. Furthermore, electrochemical study, scanning electron microscopy, and microbial community analyses suggested that Mo ₂C can accelerate the release of hydrogen, promote the formation of biofilms and regulate the mixed microbial flora.

Conclusion

Coupling a HER catalyst to a cathode of MES system is a promising strategy for improving MES efficiency.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-019-1413-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Related collections

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Access to clean, affordable and reliable energy has been a cornerstone of the world's increasing prosperity and economic growth since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Our use of energy in the twenty-first century must also be sustainable. Solar and water-based energy generation, and engineering of microbes to produce biofuels are a few examples of the alternatives. This Perspective puts these opportunities into a larger context by relating them to a number of aspects in the transportation and electricity generation sectors. It also provides a snapshot of the current energy landscape and discusses several research and development opportunities and pathways that could lead to a prosperous, sustainable and secure energy future for the world.

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Microbes that can transfer electrons to extracellular electron acceptors, such as Fe(iii) oxides, are important in organic matter degradation and nutrient cycling in soils and sediments. Previous investigations on electron transfer to Fe(iii) have focused on the role of outer-membrane c-type cytochromes. However, some Fe(iii) reducers lack c-cytochromes. Geobacter species, which are the predominant Fe(iii) reducers in many environments, must directly contact Fe(iii) oxides to reduce them, and produce monolateral pili that were proposed, on the basis of the role of pili in other organisms, to aid in establishing contact with the Fe(iii) oxides. Here we report that a pilus-deficient mutant of Geobacter sulfurreducens could not reduce Fe(iii) oxides but could attach to them. Conducting-probe atomic force microscopy revealed that the pili were highly conductive. These results indicate that the pili of G. sulfurreducens might serve as biological nanowires, transferring electrons from the cell surface to the surface of Fe(iii) oxides. Electron transfer through pili indicates possibilities for other unique cell-surface and cell-cell interactions, and for bioengineering of novel conductive materials.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Shihao Tian: 670525396@njtech.edu.cn

Haoqi Wang: whq@njtech.edu.cn

Zhiwei Dong: dzwdzw93@sina.com

Yang Yang: anne-yang@126.com

Hao Yuan: tshsong81@126.com

Qiong Huang: hqhaixia@163.com

Tian-shun Song: tshsong@njtech.edu.cn

Jingjing Xie: xiej@njtech.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biotechnol Biofuels

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biotechnol Biofuels

Title: Biotechnology for Biofuels

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1754-6834

Publication date (Electronic): 1 April 2019

Publication date PMC-release: 1 April 2019

Publication date Collection: 2019

Volume: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: 71

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9389 5210, GRID grid.412022.7, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, , Nanjing Tech University, ; Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9389 5210, GRID grid.412022.7, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, , Nanjing Tech University, ; Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China

[3 ]Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Science & Technology Development, Nanjing, 210008 People’s Republic of China

[4 ]GRID grid.260478.f, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), , Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, ; Nanjing, 210044 People’s Republic of China

[5 ]GRID grid.484516.a, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), ; Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China

Article

Publisher ID: 1413

DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1413-z

PMC ID: 6442412

PubMed ID: 30976321

SO-VID: ededd127-d596-4099-8e4c-e58ae09ddd9e

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 26 September 2018

Date accepted : 15 March 2019

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 21878150

Award Recipient : Jingjing Xie

Funded by: Major projects of natural science research in Jiangsu Province

Award ID: 15KJA530002

Award Recipient : Jingjing Xie

Funded by: the technology supporting program of Jiangsu Province

Award ID: BE2015167

Award Recipient : Tian-shun Song

Funded by: State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering

Award ID: ZK201605

Award Recipient : Jingjing Xie

Funded by: Priority Academic Program from Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

Award ID: XTD1816

Award Recipient : Jingjing Xie

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Biotechnology

Keywords: microbial electrosynthesis,carbon dioxide,indirect electron transfer,hydrogen evolution reaction,molybdenum carbide

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Biotechnology

Keywords: microbial electrosynthesis, carbon dioxide, indirect electron transfer, hydrogen evolution reaction, molybdenum carbide