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      Servant leadership and machiavellian followers: a moderated mediation model Translated title: El liderazgo de servicio y los subordinados maquiavélicos: un modelo de mediación moderada

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Despite promoting positive employee outcomes, servant leaders may become the victim of manipulation by followers. The current study investigates this underexplored side of servant leadership by examining the employee-related outcomes of the interaction between servant leadership and follower Machiavellianism through mediating mechanism of exploitative manipulative behavior. It is argued that employees high in Machiavellianism engage in exploitative manipulative behavior to achieve subjective career success and social power while working with a servant leader. We used PROCESS macro to analyze our mediation and moderated mediation hypotheses, respectively. We collected data in a time-lagged design (three-time lags) from 320 dyads (self and peer) responses from service sector organizations. The results fully supported our hypotheses. Limitations and future research directions are also presented.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN A pesar de que fomenten resultados positivos en los empleados, los líderes servidores pueden convertirse en víctimas de la manipulación por parte de los subordinados. Este estudio investiga esta faceta poco explorada del liderazgo de servicio por medio del análisis de los resultados de los empleados relativos a la interacción entre el líder servidor y el maquiavelismo de los subordinados a través del mecanismo mediador del comportamiento manipulativo explotador. Se argumenta que los empleados con un maquiavelismo elevado se comportan de un modo manipulativo explotador, con el fin de lograr un éxito subjetivo en su carrera profesional y poder social cuando trabajan con un líder servidor. Empleamos el macro PROCESS para analizar nuestras hipótesis de mediación y mediación moderada, respectivamente. Recogimos datos en un diseño demorado en el tiempo (con tres retrasos temporales) a partir de respuestas de 320 díadas (de uno mismo y de compañeros) de empresas del sector servicios. Los resultados avalan plenamente nuestras hipótesis. Se comentan igualmente las limitaciones y perspectivas de investigación futura.

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          Most cited references153

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          Confidence Limits for the Indirect Effect: Distribution of the Product and Resampling Methods.

          The most commonly used method to test an indirect effect is to divide the estimate of the indirect effect by its standard error and compare the resulting z statistic with a critical value from the standard normal distribution. Confidence limits for the indirect effect are also typically based on critical values from the standard normal distribution. This article uses a simulation study to demonstrate that confidence limits are imbalanced because the distribution of the indirect effect is normal only in special cases. Two alternatives for improving the performance of confidence limits for the indirect effect are evaluated: (a) a method based on the distribution of the product of two normal random variables, and (b) resampling methods. In Study 1, confidence limits based on the distribution of the product are more accurate than methods based on an assumed normal distribution but confidence limits are still imbalanced. Study 2 demonstrates that more accurate confidence limits are obtained using resampling methods, with the bias-corrected bootstrap the best method overall.
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            Power-Dependence Relations

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              The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad.

              There has been an exponential increase of interest in the dark side of human nature during the last decade. To better understand this dark side, the authors developed and validated a concise, 12-item measure of the Dark Triad: narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism. In 4 studies involving 1,085 participants, they examined its structural reliability, convergent and discriminant validity (Studies 1, 2, and 4), and test-retest reliability (Study 3). Their measure retained the flexibility needed to measure these 3 independent-yet-related constructs while improving its efficiency by reducing its item count by 87% (from 91 to 12 items). The measure retained its core of disagreeableness, short-term mating, and aggressiveness. They call this measure the Dirty Dozen, but it cleanly measures the Dark Triad.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpto
                Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones
                Rev. psicol. trab. organ.
                Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1576-5962
                2174-0534
                2021
                : 37
                : 3
                : 215-229
                Affiliations
                [02] Ontario orgnameBrock University Canada
                [03] Riyadh orgnamePrince Sultan University Saudi Arabia
                [01] Islamabad Islamabad Capital Territory orgnameInternational Islamic University Pakistan
                [04] Islamabad Islamabad Capital Territory orgnameNational University of Modern Languages Pakistan
                Article
                S1576-59622021000300006 S1576-5962(21)03700300006
                10.5093/jwop2021a19
                ee0c61ed-10a2-47ab-8eb4-1c7272912ef9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 October 2020
                : 18 October 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 154, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Articles

                Servant leadership,Exploitative manipulative behavior,Machiavellianism,Paquistán,Subjective career success,Social power,Pakistan,Liderazgo de servicio,Comportamiento manipulativo explotador,Maquiavelismo,Éxito subjetivo en la carrera profesional,Poder social

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