Do children’s previous dental experience and fear affect their perceived oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)?

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Abstract

Background

Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has been used to describe the consequences of oral health conditions and treatments in children. A better understanding of OHRQoL and its relationship with dental fear and previous dental experience is necessary to improve children’s oral health status. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of dental history and experience with dental fear and the OHRQoL of children aged 11 to 14 years.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted using a multi-stage stratified sample of 1,312 middle school children. Information regarding OHRQoL was collected from the children using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ _11–14), and information regarding dental fear was collected using the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Information on past dental experiences and sociodemographic data were collected from the parents using self-administered questionnaires. Dental examinations were performed to assess caries experience.

Results

The multivariable model indicated that dental fear was the strongest predictor of OHRQoL as the fearful children had on average CPQ _11–14 scores that were 10 units higher than those of the non-fearful children. Regarding past dental experience, pain as the reason for the most recent dental visit was associated with poor OHRQoL, while receiving a filling during the previous dental visits was significantly associated with better OHRQoL. In addition, a larger number of siblings, a lower family income, a lower paternal education level, health problems and prior hospitalization were significantly associated with poor OHRQoL.

Conclusion

This study identified that dental fear and some factors related to previous dental experience are associated with OHRQoL. In dental practice, children with dental fear should be identified, guided and treated early to avoid deterioration of their OHRQoL.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-017-0338-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Most cited references 39

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Oral health-related quality of life: what, why, how, and future implications.

L Sischo, H L Broder (2011)

Despite its relatively recent emergence over the past few decades, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has important implications for the clinical practice of dentistry and dental research. OHRQoL is a multidimensional construct that includes a subjective evaluation of the individual's oral health, functional well-being, emotional well-being, expectations and satisfaction with care, and sense of self. It has wide-reaching applications in survey and clinical research. OHRQoL is an integral part of general health and well-being. In fact, it is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important segment of the Global Oral Health Program (2003). This paper identifies the what, why, and how of OHRQoL and presents an oral health theoretical model. The relevance of OHRQoL for dental practitioners and patients in community-based dental practices is presented. Implications for health policy and related oral health disparities are also discussed. A supplemental Appendix contains a Medline and ProQuest literature search regarding OHRQoL research from 1990-2010 by discipline and research design (e.g., descriptive, longitudinal, clinical trial, etc.). The search identified 300 articles with a notable surge in OHRQoL research in pediatrics and orthodontics in recent years.

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Validity and reliability of a questionnaire for measuring child oral-health-related quality of life.

Jonathan Kenny, Robert Stephens, B Tompson … (2002)

Oral-health-related quality of life measures that exist are designed for adults. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the CPQ(11-14), a self-report measure of the impact of oral and oro-facial conditions on 11- to 14-year-old children. An item pool was generated with the use of a literature review and interviews with health professionals, parents, and child patients. The 36 items rated the most frequent and bothersome by 83 children were selected for the CPQ(11-14). Validity testing involved a new sample of 123 children. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a subgroup of these children (n = 65). Mean CPQ(11-14) scores were highest for oro-facial (31.4), lower for orthodontic (24.3), and lowest for pedodontic (23.3) patients. There were significant associations between the CPQ(11-14) score and global ratings of oral health (p < 0.05) and overall well-being (p < 0.01). The Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient for the CPQ(11-14) were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. These results suggest that the CPQ(11-14) is valid and reliable.

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Child dental fear: cause-related factors and clinical effects.

Christopher J Noren, G Klingberg, Margaretha Carlsson … (1995)

The relationship between child dental fear and clinical effects, and the importance of some etiological factors related to the development of dental fear in children, were studied in 3,204 urban Swedish children aged 4 to 6 and 9 to 11 yr. Information concerning child dental fear (as measured by the Dental Subscale of Children's Fear Survey Schedule), general fears, parental dental fear, parents' employment and native language was obtained through questionnaires. Data regarding dental health, behavior management problems (BMP) and modes of dental treatment were compiled from dental records. The results showed that child dental fear was associated with missing appointments and dental caries. A proportion of 27% of the children with BMP were dentally fearful, while 61% of the children with dental fear reacted with BMP. A model for stepwise regression analysis showed that general fears, maternal dental fear, and age were important etiological factors in the development of dental fear in children.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Leena Merdad: +966-505-353-966 , Lmerdad@kau.edu.sa

Azza A. El-Housseiny: ahussini@hotmail.com , aalhosseiny@kau.edu.sa

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Oral Health

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Oral Health

Title: BMC Oral Health

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6831

Publication date (Electronic): 16 January 2017

Publication date PMC-release: 16 January 2017

Publication date Collection: 2017

Volume: 17

Electronic Location Identifier: 47

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

[2 ]Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

[3 ]Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Article

Publisher ID: 338

DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0338-9

PMC ID: 5240375

PubMed ID: 28093086

SO-VID: ee773e43-3fe0-4bf5-b8f4-bac72be14424

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 2 October 2016

Date accepted : 6 January 2017

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

Keywords: oral health-related quality of life,cpq,cpq11–14,children,dental fear,dental experience,predictors

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

Keywords: oral health-related quality of life, cpq, cpq11–14, children, dental fear, dental experience, predictors

Do children’s previous dental experience and fear affect their perceived oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)?

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Background

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Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences & Forensic Medicine (AJFSFM)

Most cited references 39

Oral health-related quality of life: what, why, how, and future implications.

Validity and reliability of a questionnaire for measuring child oral-health-related quality of life.

Child dental fear: cause-related factors and clinical effects.

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