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      Valor de la gammagrafía con 99mTc-ciprofloxacina cubana en la detección de las prótesis de cadera infectadas Translated title: Valeur de la scintigraphie à 99mTc-cyprofloxazine cubaine dans la détection des prothèses de hanche infectées Translated title: Value of scintigraphy with Cuban 99mTc-ciprofloxacin in the detection of infected hip prostheses

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          Abstract

          Con el propósito de determinar la eficacia de la 99mTc-ciprofloxacina cubana en la evaluación de las infecciones bacterianas en las prótesis de cadera, se realizó un estudio de concordancia en 15 pacientes con sospecha de un proceso infeccioso; que se remitieron al departamento de Medicina Nuclear del Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional "Frank País", en un período comprendido entre el 1ro. de enero de 2003 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2004. Se emplearon gammagrafías óseas con 99mTc-metiléndifosfonato y 99mTc-ciprofloxacina a la hora, 4 y 24 h después de la inyección, el cultivo/biopsia se utilizó como criterio de confirmación. Al analizar visualmente todos los pacientes se obtuvo una sensibilidad en el 100 %, una especificidad en el 75 %, una exactitud diagnóstica en el 93,3 %, un valor predictivo positivo en el 91,6 % y un valor predictivo negativo en el 100 %. La relación lesión/sano mostró diferencias significativas entre los pacientes con y sin infección en las diferentes horas de adquisición, con un nivel de significación de a= 0,05. Se demostró la efectividad de la formulación cubana de 99mTc-ciprofloxacina en la evaluación de las infecciones bacterianas de las prótesis de cadera.

          Translated abstract

          Afin de déterminer l'efficacité de la 99mTc-cyprofloxazine cubaine dans la détection des infections bactériennes dans les prothèses de hanche, une étude expérimentale, de procédé, et analytique transversale auprès de 15 patients suspectés d'infection, envoyés au département de Médecine nucléaire du Service scientifique international d'orthopédie " Frank País " entre le 1e janvier 2003 et le 31 décembre 2004, est réalisée. Des scintigraphies osseuses à 99mTc-méthyldiphosphate et à 99mTc-cyprofloxazine à 1 h, à 4h, et à 24 h, après injection, ont été effectuées ; la culture/biopsie a été utilisée pour la confirmation. En examinant visuellement tous les patients, une sensibilité de 100%, une spécificité de 75%, une fiabilité diagnostique de 93.3%, une valeur prédictive positive de 91.6% et une valeur prédictive négative de 100%, ont été obtenues. La relation infection/santé a montré des différences significatives entre les patients avec et sans infection à différentes heures du prélèvement, avec un niveau de signification d'a = 0.05. L'efficacité de la formule cubaine de 99mTc-cyprofloxazine dans la détection des infections bactériennes des prothèses de hanche a été démontrée.

          Translated abstract

          An experimental, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 patients with suspicion of infectious process that were referred to "Frank País" International Scientific Orthopedic Complex from January 1st, 2003 to December 31st, 2004, aimed at determining the efficacy of the Cuban 99mTc-ciprofloxacin in the evaluation of bacterial infections of the hip prostheses. Bone scintigraphies with 99mTc-methylendiphosphonate and 99mTc-ciprofloxacin were performed at 1, 4 and 24 hours after the injection. The culture/biopsy was used to confirm the criteria. On the visual analysis of the patients, sensitivity was obtained in 100 %, specificity in 75 %, diagnostic accuracy in 93.3 %, positive predictive value in 91.6 %, and negative predictive value in 100 %. The injured/healthy ratio showed significant differences between the patients with and without infection at the diverse hours of acquisition, with a level of significance of a = 0.05. The effectiveness of the Cuban formulation of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin in the evaluation of bacterial infections of the hip prostheses was proved.

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          Most cited references55

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          Osteomyelitis in long bones.

          Osteomyelitis in long bones remains challenging and expensive to treat, despite advances in antibiotics and new operative techniques. Plain radiographs still provide the best screening for acute and chronic osteomyelitis. Other imaging techniques may be used to determine diagnosis and aid in treatment decisions. The decision to use oral or parenteral antibiotics should be based on results regarding microorganism sensitivity, patient compliance, infectious disease consultation, and the surgeon's experience. A suppressive antibiotic regimen should be directed by the results of cultures. Standard operative treatment is not feasible for all patients because of the functional impairment caused by the disease, the reconstructive operations, and the metabolic consequences of an aggressive therapy regimen. Operative treatment includes debridement, obliteration of dead space, restoration of blood supply, adequate soft-tissue coverage, stabilization, and reconstruction.
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            Infection in total knee replacement: a retrospective review of 6489 total knee replacements.

            Six thousand four hundred eighty-nine knee replacements were done in 6120 patients at the authors' institution between 1993 and 1999. Operations were done in a theater with vertical laminar flow and with the surgical team using body exhaust suits. Of these knee replacements, 116 knees became infected and 113 were available for followup. One hundred of the infections occurred in patients undergoing primary knee replacement, whereas the remaining infections occurred in patients undergoing revision knee replacement. Ninety-seven of these knees (86%) had deep periprosthetic infections and the remaining 16 knees had superficial wound infections. One third of the deep infections occurred within the first 3 months after surgery and the remaining 2/3 occurred after 3 months. The overall early deep infection rate for patients undergoing a primary knee replacement was 0.39%, whereas the rate for patients undergoing a revision knee replacement was 0.97%. A cohort of noninfected knee replacements from patients matched for gender, age, and month of surgery was used as a control group. Those comorbidities that were statistically significant in increasing the risk of infection were prior open surgical procedures, immunosuppressive therapy, poor nutrition, hypokalemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and a history of smoking. Patients undergoing revision procedures had a statistically higher risk of infection than did patients undergoing primary surgeries. If the surgery took longer than 2.5 hours, the risk of infection was increased significantly. There was no change in the infection rate when the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis was decreased from 48 to 24 hours after surgery. The predominant infectious organisms were gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus Group B). Twenty percent of the knees that were infected clinically had no organisms that could be identified. In each case, the patient had been treated empirically at another institution with antibiotics before a culture of the joint was obtained.
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              New developments in diagnosis and treatment of infection in orthopedic implants.

              A Widmer (2001)
              Orthopedic implants have revolutionized treatment of bone fractures and noninfectious joint arthritis. Today, the risk for orthopedic device-related infection (ODRI) is <1%-2%. However, the absolute number of patients with infection continuously increases as the number of patients requiring such implants grows. Treatment of ODRIs most frequently includes long-term antimicrobial treatment and removal of the implant. Recent evidence from observational trials and 1 randomized clinical trial indicate that a subset of patients can be successfully treated with retention of the implant. Patients eligible for such a treatment must meet the following criteria: acute infection defined as signs and symptoms lasting <14-28 days, an unambiguous diagnosis based on histopathology and microbiology, a stable implant, and susceptibility of the microorganism to an effective orally available antimicrobial agent.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ort
                Revista Cubana de Ortopedia y Traumatología
                Rev Cubana Ortop Traumatol
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana )
                1561-3100
                June 2006
                : 20
                : 1
                : 0
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional Frank País Cuba
                Article
                S0864-215X2006000100002
                eee6dbb1-8ab1-4c54-8dd9-12970207af96

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0864-215X&lng=en
                Categories
                ORTHOPEDICS

                Orthopedics
                prothèse de hanche,infections,99mTc-cyprofloxazine,Hip prosthesis,99mTc-ciprofloxacin,prótesis de cadera,infecciones,99mTc-ciprofloxacina

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