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      A rare case of bilateral primary renal Burkitt lymphoma presenting with acute renal failure

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Acute renal failure due to primary renal Burkitt lymphoma in children is extremely rare. We report a case with acute secondary renal failure in a 4-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain, anorexia, and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography scans showed bilateral nephromegaly with multiple hypoenhancing regions. Renal biopsy confirmed Burkitt lymphoma. There was no lymphadenopathy or evidence of other solid organ involvement. The patient was responsive to treatment using the EPOCH-R protocol (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin, and rituximab). Here, we describe the clinical and imaging features associated with this rare entity.

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          The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM.

          Stephen B. Edge, Carolyn C. Compton (2010)
          The American Joint Committee on Cancer and the International Union for Cancer Control update the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) cancer staging system periodically. The most recent revision is the 7th edition, effective for cancers diagnosed on or after January 1, 2010. This editorial summarizes the background of the current revision and outlines the major issues revised. Most notable are the marked increase in the use of international datasets for more highly evidenced-based changes in staging, and the enhanced use of nonanatomic prognostic factors in defining the stage grouping. The future of cancer staging lies in the use of enhanced registry data standards to support personalization of cancer care through cancer outcome prediction models and nomograms.
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            Renal lymphoma: CT patterns with emphasis on helical CT.

            B A Urban, E Fishman (2015)
            Renal lymphoma is most often seen in conjunction with multisystemic, disseminated lymphoma or as tumor recurrence. Renal lymphoma may also be seen in immunocompromised patients or, rarely, as primary disease. Computed tomography (CT) is the most sensitive, efficient, and comprehensive examination for evaluation of the kidneys in patients with suspected renal lymphoma. Helical CT in particular improves detection and characterization of lymphomatous renal involvement by optimizing contrast dynamics and data acquisition and is the current modality of choice for accurate staging of lymphoma. Typical CT patterns in renal lymphoma include single and multiple masses, invasion from contiguous retroperitoneal disease, perirenal disease, and diffuse renal infiltration. Atypical CT patterns may also be encountered and provide a diagnostic challenge. These include spontaneous hemorrhage, necrosis, heterogeneous attenuation, cystic transformation, and calcification. Solid renal masses including renal cell carcinoma and metastases are the most commonly encountered entities that mimic renal lymphoma at CT and require biopsy for definitive diagnosis. CT (particularly helical CT) is useful in the evaluation of patients with suspected renal lymphoma, and familiarity with the spectrum of findings in renal lymphoma is important for accurate diagnosis.
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              Primary renal lymphoma: a population-based study in the United States, 1980–2013

              Jiayuan Chen, Jiangtong Peng, Yongqiang Zheng … (2019)
              Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is a rare lymphoid malignancy with only a few cases reported in the literature. We performed a population-based study of PRL to determine its incidence, clinical characteristics and factors associated with survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We identified 723 patients with PRL. The most common histological subtype of PRL was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (56.3%). The incidence and mortality rate of PRL was 0.053/100,000 person-years and 0.036/100,000 person-years, respectively. The incidence rate of PRL was increasing significantly with an annual percentage change (APC) of 3.45% (p < 0.001). The 1-year and 5-year relative survival (RS) rates of patients with PRL were 78% and 64%. The RS of patients diagnosed between 2000 to 2013 was better than that of patients diagnosed between 1980–1999. A multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis revealed that older age, male gender, diagnosis before 2000, advanced stage, not receiving surgical treatment, and DLBCL or T/NK cell lymphoma type were independent predictors of unfavorable survival.
              Article 0 comments Cited 15 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Truong Quang Dinh
                Nguyen Minh Duc
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Radiol Case Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Radiol Case Rep
                Title: Radiology Case Reports
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 1930-0433
                Publication date PMC-release: 20 June 2021
                Publication date Collection: August 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 20 June 2021
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 8
                Pages: 2311-2314
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Radiology, National Hospital of Pediatrics, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
                [b ]Department of General Surgery, Ho Chi Minh City Children's Hospital, 15 Vo Tran Chi, Tan Kien, Binh Chanh, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
                [c ]Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
                [d ]Department of Radiology, Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
                [e ]Department of Pathology, Tam Anh General Hospital, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
                [f ]Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, 2 Duong Quang Trung Ward 12 District 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
                [g ]Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Nguyen Minh Duc. bsnguyenminhduc@ 123456pnt.edu.vn
                [** ]Corresponding author. Truong Quang Dinh. truongdinhnd2@ 123456gmail.com
                [1]

                These authors contributed equally to this article as co-first authors.

                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S1930-0433(21)00346-0
                DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.05.050
                PMC ID: 8237307
                PubMed ID: 34194596
                SO-VID: ef0833cf-5f02-4bf4-9753-732f839cc23a
                Copyright © © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 6 May 2021
                Date revision received : 22 May 2021
                Date accepted : 22 May 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                Keywords: acute renal failure,burkitt lymphoma,primary renal lymphoma
                Data availability:
                Keywords: acute renal failure, burkitt lymphoma, primary renal lymphoma

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