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      Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927 (Nematoda, Camallanoidea) in ornamental aquarium fishes: pathology and morphology

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          Abstract

          The pathology induced by the nematode Camallanus cotti in the aquarium fishes Beta splendens (beta fish) and Poecilia reticulata (guppy) consisted of gross and microscopic lesions, the former characterized by abdominal swelling with reddish parasites protruding from the anus in both fish hosts and the latter, similar in the beta fishes and guppies, by hemorrhage, congestion, edema, a few glandular elements, and extensive erosion areas in the rectum mucosa, with a marked thickening of the wall and absence of inflammatory infiltrate. Lesions were associated with the presence of several worms attached to the wall or free in the rectal lumen. This is the second reference of the parasite in Brazil and the first report of pathological findings related to this nematode species that is also briefly redescribed and illustrated for the first time on the basis of Brazilian samples.

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          Helminth parasites of native Hawaiian freshwater fishes: an example of extreme ecological isolation.

          C Tate, F Font (1994)
          The Hawaiian Islands harbor a depauperate native freshwater fish fauna comprised of 4 endemic gobies (Gobiidae) and 1 endemic sleeper (Eleotridae). We hypothesized that the natural helminth parasite community of these stream fishes would be depauperate because of colonizing constraints. In the absence of exotic fishes, native fishes in streams of Hanakapi'ai and Nu'alolo valleys harbored no adult helminth parasites. In Hakalau Stream on Hawai'i and Wainiha River on Kaua'i, we found introduced swordtails and guppies (Poeciliidae); here, the native gobioid fishes shared species of helminths with poeciliids. They were the nematode Camallanus cotti, the Asian tapeworm Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, and the leech Myzobdella lugubris. Such parasitological data should be incorporated into management plans for the conservation of native Hawaiian stream fishes as these parasites have been previously demonstrated to cause disease.
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            Méthode pour l'examen des nématodes em vue apicale

            R.C. ANDERSON, RC Anderson, R.C. Anderson (1958)
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              Seasonal and yearly population dynamics of two exotic helminths, Camallanus coti (Nematoda) and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda), parasitizing exotic fishes in Waianu Stream, O'ahu, Hawaii.

              Amanda Vincent, William Font (2003)
              Exotic poeciliid fishes introduced into Hawaiian freshwaters are responsible for the introduction of several exotic parasites, of which the most important are Camallanus cotti and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in terms of potential disease threat to native stream fishes. This roundworm and tapeworm are the most prevalent and abundant freshwater fish helminths in Hawaiian streams. This study examined the seasonal and yearly population structure of C. cotti and B. acheilognathi to determine if the tropical Hawaiian environment characterized by low climatic variability permits continuous opportunities for parasite transmission regardless of time of year. Camallanus cotti displayed seasonal differences in prevalence and mean abundance, whereas B. acheilognathi did not. Camallanus cotti prevalence and mean abundance were higher in the Hawaiian summer (47.7%, 0.79) than in winter (25.8%, 0.36). A seasonal relationship of C. cotti levels is likely explained by extensive rains associated with the Hawaiian winter season, which may act to decrease parasite transmission by flushing infected poeciliid hosts, intermediate copepod hosts, and possibly free-living infective worm stages downstream. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi displayed low prevalence and mean abundance in both summer (4.0%, 0.06) and winter (6.5%, 0.07), and it may be difficult to detect seasonal changes due to these low levels. Camallanus cotti prevalence and mean abundance remained relatively constant from the summer of 1995 to the summer of 1999, indicating that levels of this roundworm are stable in Waianu Stream. Whereas B. acheilognathi prevalence and mean abundance were low during the summer of 1995 and the summer of 1997, a dramatic peak in prevalence and mean abundance was observed in the summer of 1998 (41.2%, 1.06), with levels decreasing sharply in the summer of 1999 (4.4%, 0.07). It appears that B. acheilognathi also is present in stable populations at low levels, even though levels rose sharply during a single year.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): mioc
                Title: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
                Abbreviated Title: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
                Publisher: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                ISSN (Print): 0074-0276
                ISSN (Electronic): 1678-8060
                Publication date (Print and electronic): September 2006
                Volume: 101
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 683-687
                Affiliations
                [01] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameFiocruz orgdiv1Instituto Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv2Departamento de Helmintologia Brasil
                [02] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameFiocruz orgdiv1Centro de Criação de Animais de Laboratório Brasil
                [03] Niterói RJ orgnameUniversidade Federal Fluminense orgdiv1Faculdade de Veterinária orgdiv2Departamento de Patologia Brasil
                [04] Niterói RJ orgnameUniversidade Federal Fluminense orgdiv1Faculdade de Veterinária Brasil
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0074-02762006000600018 Publisher ID: S0074-0276(06)10100618
                DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762006000600018
                SO-VID: ef8f7092-dd95-4bbf-a155-64dded406d96
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date accepted : 05 July 2006
                Date received : 11 May 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Subject: Articles

                Keywords: freshwater fishes,Camallanus cotti,pathology,Brazil,nematodes
                Data availability:
                Keywords: freshwater fishes, Camallanus cotti, pathology, Brazil, nematodes

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