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      Noise-induced sleep disruption from wind turbines: scientific updates and acoustical standards

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      SLEEP
      Oxford University Press (OUP)

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          Abstract

          Wind energy appears to place global environmental benefits against local human health, particularly sleep. The result is a significant challenge to wind-energy development for the achievement of large-scale alternative energy. Our purpose is to examine noise from wind turbines and its potential to disrupt sleep, to examine the human health literature addressing these concerns, and to provide insight into how developers and communities can employ these concepts to pursue wind energy without impacting human health. The latest and most rigorous research on noise from wind turbines points to healthy sleep, when turbines are sited reasonably. This includes audible noise, low-frequency noise, and infrasound. Recent advances in acoustical standards provide practical methods to ensure adherence to these scientific findings. There now exist key data concerning wind-turbine noise, and its impact on sleep. Knowing that information, and how to deploy it with modern engineering standards should simultaneously facilitate wind development and protect human health.

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          Most cited references58

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          AASM Scoring Manual Updates for 2017 (Version 2.4)

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            Measuring sleep: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of wrist actigraphy compared to polysomnography.

            We validated actigraphy for detecting sleep and wakefulness versus polysomnography (PSG). Actigraphy and polysomnography were simultaneously collected during sleep laboratory admissions. All studies involved 8.5 h time in bed, except for sleep restriction studies. Epochs (30-sec; n = 232,849) were characterized for sensitivity (actigraphy = sleep when PSG = sleep), specificity (actigraphy = wake when PSG = wake), and accuracy (total proportion correct); the amount of wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) was also assessed. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model included age, gender, insomnia diagnosis, and daytime/nighttime sleep timing factors. Controlled sleep laboratory conditions. Young and older adults, healthy or chronic primary insomniac (PI) patients, and daytime sleep of 23 night-workers (n = 77, age 35.0 ± 12.5, 30F, mean nights = 3.2). N/A. Overall, sensitivity (0.965) and accuracy (0.863) were high, whereas specificity (0.329) was low; each was only slightly modified by gender, insomnia, day/night sleep timing (magnitude of change 30 min/night. This validation quantifies strengths and weaknesses of actigraphy as a tool measuring sleep in clinical and population studies. Overall, the participant-specific accuracy is relatively high, and for most participants, above 80%. We validate this finding across multiple nights and a variety of adults across much of the young to midlife years, in both men and women, in those with and without insomnia, and in 77 participants. We conclude that actigraphy is overall a useful and valid means for estimating total sleep time and wakefulness after sleep onset in field and workplace studies, with some limitations in specificity.
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              Spontaneous brain rhythms predict sleep stability in the face of noise.

              Quality sleep is an essential part of health and well-being. Yet fractured sleep is disturbingly prevalent in our society, partly due to insults from a variety of noises [1]. Common experience suggests that this fragility of sleep is highly variable between people, but it is unclear what mechanisms drive these differences. Here we show that it is possible to predict an individual's ability to maintain sleep in the face of sound using spontaneous brain rhythms from electroencephalography (EEG). The sleep spindle is a thalamocortical rhythm manifested on the EEG as a brief 11-15 Hz oscillation and is thought to be capable of modulating the influence of external stimuli [2]. Its rate of occurrence, while variable across people, is stable across nights [3]. We found that individuals who generated more sleep spindles during a quiet night of sleep went on to exhibit higher tolerance for noise during a subsequent, noisy night of sleep. This result shows that the sleeping brain's spontaneous activity heralds individual resilience to disruptive stimuli. Our finding sets the stage for future studies that attempt to augment spindle production to enhance sleep continuity when confronted with noise. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                SLEEP
                Oxford University Press (OUP)
                0161-8105
                1550-9109
                February 01 2024
                February 08 2024
                November 06 2023
                February 01 2024
                February 08 2024
                November 06 2023
                : 47
                : 2
                Article
                10.1093/sleep/zsad286
                f0b45e3a-88c3-42ee-aa96-7e132ccefbee
                © 2023

                https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights

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