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      Escisión de Glándula Submandibular por Sialoadenitis Crónica Esclerosante Asociada a Sialolito en el Conducto Submandibular Translated title: Submandibular Gland Excision Due to Chronic Sclerosing Sialadenitis Associated With Sialolith in Submandibular Duct

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: La sialoadenitis crónica esclerosante puede extenderse desde una sialoadenitis focal hasta una cirrosis completa de la glándula. Aparece entre los 40 y 70 años de edad y afecta principalmente a la glándula submandibular. Se asocia con sialolitos y agentes infecciosos inespecíficos. La causa más frecuente de sialolitiasis es la formación de cálculos macroscópicamente visibles en una glándula salival o en su conducto excretor, de los cuales el 80 % al 90 % provienen de la glándula submandibular. Esta predilección probablemente se deba a que su conducto excretor es más largo, más ancho y tiene un ángulo casi vertical contra la gravedad, contribuyendo así a la estasis salival. Además, la secreción semimucosa de la misma es más viscosa. El sitio principal de ubicación de los litos en el conducto submandibular es la región hiliar con un 57 %. La sintomatología típica de la sialolitiasis es el cólico con tumefacción de la glándula y los dolores posprandiales. Reportamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 55 años, quien ingresa al servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial del Hospital General Balbuena de la Ciudad de México por presentar un aumento de volumen en la región submandibular izquierda de consistencia dura y dolorosa a la palpación de 15 días de evolución, acompañada de aumento de temperatura en la zona compatible con un absceso. Los estudios de imagen reportan un sialolito en la región hiliar del conducto submandibular de 2,0 x 1,7 x 1,0 cm. Debido a su localización y tamaño, el tratamiento ideal en estos casos es la escisión de la glándula junto con el lito previo drenaje del absceso e inicio de terapia antibiótica doble.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis can range from focal sialadenitis to complete cirrhosis of the gland. It appears between 40 and 70 years of age and mainly affects the submandibular gland. It is associated with sialoliths and nonspecific infectious agents. The most common cause of sialolithiasis is the formation of macroscopically visible stones in a salivary gland or its excretory duct, of which 80 % to 90 % come from the submandibular gland. This predilection isprobably due to the fact that their excretory duct is longer, wider and has an almost vertical angle against gravity, thus contributing to salivary stasis. In addition, the semimucous secretion of it is more viscous. The main location of the stones in the submandibular duct is the hilar region with 57 %. The typical symptomatology of sialolithiasis is colic with swelling of the gland and postprandial pain. We report the case of a 55-year-old male patient, who was admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service of the Hospital General Balbuena in Mexico City due to an increase in volumen in the left submandibular region that was hard and painful on palpation of 15 days of evolution, accompanied by increased temperature in the area compatible with an abscess. Imaging studies report a 2.0 x 1.7 x 1.0 cm sialolith in the submandibular duct hilar region. Due to its location and size, the ideal treatment in these cases is excision of the gland together with the stone previous drainage of the abscess and initiation of dual antibiotic therapy.

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          Most cited references36

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          Salivary gland disorders.

          Salivary gland disorders include inflammatory, bacterial, viral, and neoplastic etiologies. The presentation can be acute, recurrent, or chronic. Acute suppurative sialadenitis presents as rapid-onset pain and swelling and is treated with antibiotics, salivary massage, hydration, and sialagogues such as lemon drops or vitamin C lozenges. Viral etiologies include mumps and human immunodeficiency virus, and treatment is directed at the underlying disease. Recurrent or chronic sialadenitis is more likely to be inflammatory than infectious; examples include recurrent parotitis of childhood and sialolithiasis. Inflammation is commonly caused by an obstruction such as a stone or duct stricture. Management is directed at relieving the obstruction. Benign and malignant tumors can occur in the salivary glands and usually present as a painless solitary neck mass. Diagnosis is made by imaging (e.g., ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) and biopsy (initially with fine-needle aspiration). Overall, most salivary gland tumors are benign and can be treated with surgical excision.
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            Transoral removal of submandibular stones.

            To assess transoral treatment of submandibular lithiasis. Study of a series of patients with submandibular stones undergoing transoral removal of the sialoliths. Duration of follow-up: 6 months to 7 years. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany, center for treatment of salivary stones. Two hundred thirty-one patients (127 females, 104 males) suffering from submandibular lithiasis had a mean age of 41.7 years (age range, 12-86 years). Stone location was distal to the edge of the mylohyoid muscle in 115 patients and proximal to the gland in 102 patients (mean size of sialoliths, 6.3 mm [range, 2-30 mm]). Fourteen other patients had 2 separate stones, one within the hilum and a smaller more proximal one within the gland. Transoral removal of the stones under local anesthesia and preservation of the submandibular gland. Complete removal of the stones, complications, and recurrence of the stones. All 115 patients with distal stone location, 93 (91%) of 102 patients with stones of the perihilar region, and 9 (64%) of the 14 patients with 2 separate stones in the hilum and parenchyma were free of stones. Submandibulectomy had to be carried out in 4 patients (1.7%). Recurrence of lithiasis and damage to the lingual nerve remained below 1%. Transoral removal should be the treatment of choice in patients with submandibular stones that can be palpated bimanually and localized by ultrasound within the perihilar region of the gland.
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              Submandibular gland excision: 15 years of experience.

              The surgical management of submandibular gland diseases has always been a challenge because it carries a considerable risk of nerve injury. The aim of this study was to review a single institution's experience of a nonselected case series of submandibular gland excision over 15 years. We retrospectively analyzed 258 unselected submandibular excisions of a tertiary university center for the histopathologic diagnosis and postoperative morbidity; 119 patients (46%) with sialolithiasis, 88 patients (34%) with sialadenitis, and 51 patients (20%) with submandibular tumors were operated. We found a high rate of malignant tumors (42%) in the group of submandibular gland tumors. A low rate of transient palsies of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve (9%) and lingual nerve (2%) was observed. One patient developed a permanent paresis of the mandibular branch (<1%). Our large series has shown that standardized submandibular sialadenectomy is a safe operation with a low rate of complications. Malignant disease is frequent in tumors of the submandibular gland.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ijodontos
                International journal of odontostomatology
                Int. J. Odontostomat.
                Universidad de La Frontera. Facultad de Medicina (Temuco, , Chile )
                0718-381X
                September 2023
                : 17
                : 3
                : 335-345
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Especialidad de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial Mexico
                [3] México orgnameHospital General Balbuena orgdiv1Secretaría de Salud México
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Especialidad de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial Mexico
                [4] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
                Article
                S0718-381X2023000300335 S0718-381X(23)01700300335
                f0b61345-d93c-485f-9ee7-64e459a20057

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 June 2023
                : 03 October 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                conductos salivales,cálculos de las glándulas salivales,sialoadenitis,glándula submandibular,salivary ducts,salivary gland calculi,sialadenitis,submandibular gland

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