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      Vitamin C and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The potential beneficial effects of the antioxidant properties of vitamin C have been investigated in a number of pathological conditions. In this review, we assess both clinical and preclinical studies evaluating the role of vitamin C in cardiac and vascular disorders, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, hypertension, and cerebrovascular diseases. Pitfalls and controversies in investigations on vitamin C and cardiovascular disorders are also discussed.

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          Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease

          Franklin H. Epstein, Russell Ross (1999)
          Article 0 comments Cited 941 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Glutathione: overview of its protective roles, measurement, and biosynthesis.

            Henry Forman, Hongqiao Zhang, Alessandra Rinna (2008)
            This review is the introduction to a special issue concerning, glutathione (GSH), the most abundant low molecular weight thiol compound synthesized in cells. GSH plays critical roles in protecting cells from oxidative damage and the toxicity of xenobiotic electrophiles, and maintaining redox homeostasis. Here, the functions and GSH and the sources of oxidants and electrophiles, the elimination of oxidants by reduction and electrophiles by conjugation with GSH are briefly described. Methods of assessing GSH status in the cells are also described. GSH synthesis and its regulation are addressed along with therapeutic approaches for manipulating GSH content that have been proposed. The purpose here is to provide a brief overview of some of the important aspects of glutathione metabolism as part of this special issue that will provide a more comprehensive review of the state of knowledge regarding this essential molecule.
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              Liposomes as nanomedical devices

              Giuseppina Bozzuto, Agnese Molinari (2015)
              Since their discovery in the 1960s, liposomes have been studied in depth, and they continue to constitute a field of intense research. Liposomes are valued for their biological and technological advantages, and are considered to be the most successful drug-carrier system known to date. Notable progress has been made, and several biomedical applications of liposomes are either in clinical trials, are about to be put on the market, or have already been approved for public use. In this review, we briefly analyze how the efficacy of liposomes depends on the nature of their components and their size, surface charge, and lipidic organization. Moreover, we discuss the influence of the physicochemical properties of liposomes on their interaction with cells, half-life, ability to enter tissues, and final fate in vivo. Finally, we describe some strategies developed to overcome limitations of the “first-generation” liposomes, and liposome-based drugs on the market and in clinical trials.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Antioxidants (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Antioxidants (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): antioxidants
                Title: Antioxidants
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2076-3921
                Publication date (Electronic): 03 December 2020
                Publication date Collection: December 2020
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1227
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Aging Research, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore University Hospital, New York, NY 10461, USA; marco.morelli@ 123456einsteinmed.org (M.B.M.); jessica.gambardella@ 123456einsteinmed.org (J.G.); vanecastellanos35@ 123456gmail.com (V.C.)
                [2 ]Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
                [3 ]Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy
                [4 ]International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80100 Naples, Italy
                [5 ]Department of Neuroscience, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy
                Author notes
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6500-5465
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-375X
                Article
                Publisher ID: antioxidants-09-01227
                DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121227
                PMC ID: 7761826
                PubMed ID: 33287462
                SO-VID: f29e8c98-ecd8-47b9-8188-3f652a9c0284
                Copyright © © 2020 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 05 October 2020
                Date accepted : 27 November 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: ascorbic acid,blood pressure,coronavirus,covid–19,dietary supplements,drug formulations,endothelial dysfunction,gulo,heart failure,hypertension,infections,liposomes,oxidative stress,stroke,svct,vascular permeability,vitamin c
                Data availability:
                Keywords: ascorbic acid, blood pressure, coronavirus, covid–19, dietary supplements, drug formulations, endothelial dysfunction, gulo, heart failure, hypertension, infections, liposomes, oxidative stress, stroke, svct, vascular permeability, vitamin c

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