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      Pericarp ontogeny and histochemistry of the exotesta and pseudocaruncle of Euphorbia milii (Euphorbiaceae) Translated title: Ontogênese do pericarpo e histoquímica da exotesta e pseudocarúncula de Euphorbia milii (Euphorbiaceae)

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          Abstract

          Abstract Several types of fruit occur in Euphorbiaceae, notably the explosively dehiscent dry fruit, and different seed-coat anatomies with taxonomic importance. This paper aims to describe the pericarp ontogeny and structure in Euphorbia milii Desmoul., and evaluate the presence of the secretory exotesta and caruncle. The fruit is a schizocarp, whose the pericarp development begins with a periclinal division of the inner epidermal cells. The derived cells divide, forming about four layers of obliquely elongated cells. Then, the adjacent parenchyma cells elongate, giving rise to a palisade layer and finally, the cells between this layer and the vascular strands undergo mitosis, originating about four layers of elongated cells perpendicularly to the inner oblique cells. These three zones lignify, while the region between the vascular strands and the exocarp, where idioblasts, hypodermis and laticifers are present do not show significant changes. Before the dehiscence, a lysis of cells of the septa and the desiccation of the fruit occur, which causes contraction of the non-lignified tissues and tension between the lignified zones, promoting rupture of each mericarp from central columella and on the dorsal strand, ejecting the seeds. The seeds have pseudocaruncle and the exotesta secretes mucilage, facilitating their imbibition.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Diversos tipos de frutos ocorrem em Euphorbiaceae, destacando-se os secos de deiscência explosiva e sementes com envoltórios de diferentes estruturas e importância taxonômica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a ontogênese do pericarpo de Euphorbia milii Desmoul. e avaliar, em termos histoquímicos, a exotesta secretora e a presença de carúncula. O fruto é um esquizocarpo, cujo desenvolvimento do pericarpo se inicia pela divisão periclinal das células da epiderme interna. As derivadas dividem-se, formando cerca de quatro camadas de células alongadas obliquamente. Em seguida, as células parenquimáticas adjacentes alongam-se, formando uma camada em paliçada e então, as células entre a camada em paliçada e os feixes vasculares dividem-se, originando cerca de quatro camadas de células alongadas perpendicularmente às células oblíquas internas. Estas três zonas lignificam-se, enquanto a região entre os feixes vasculares e o exocarpo, que possui idioblastos, hipoderme e laticíferos, não apresenta mudanças significativas. Antes da deiscência ocorre lise das células dos septos e dessecamento do fruto, o qual gera contração dos tecidos não lignificados e tensão entre as zonas lignificadas, rompendo os mericarpos em relação à columela central e na região do feixe dorsal, lançando as sementes. As sementes possuem pseudocarúncula e a exotesta secreta mucilagem, facilitando sua embebição.

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              Histological and histochemical uses of periodic acid.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rod
                Rodriguésia
                Rodriguésia
                Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro
                2175-7860
                September 2011
                : 62
                : 3
                : 477-489
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                Article
                S2175-78602011000300477
                10.1590/2175-7860201162304
                f2e9c67b-f3fc-41e5-a6da-5d088d2dd24e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2175-7860&lng=en
                Categories
                ECOLOGY
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany,Ecology
                anatomy,crown-of-thorns,development,fruit,seed,anatomia,coroa-de-cristo,desenvolvimento,fruto,semente

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