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      Knowledge translation in the reality of Brazilian public health

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          ABSTRACT

          The term knowledge translation has been used to describe the process of applying research results to the real world, in order to enhance the quality and effectiveness of health care and services. The aim of this article is to discuss the incorporation of knowledge translation in the Brazilian public health. The article addresses the basic activities of knowledge translation and lists challenges and perspectives in Brazilian scenario. Brazil began to move towards understanding the process of translating scientific knowledge into practice. Investing in pilot studies to adapt the so-called effective interventions to the Brazilian scenario may be an alternative. Increasing the qualification of Brazilian researchers in the design and evaluation of implementation studies is relevant to improve this field in the country.

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          A cross-sectional study of the number and frequency of terms used to refer to knowledge translation in a body of health literature in 2006: a Tower of Babel?

          Background The study of implementing research findings into practice is rapidly growing and has acquired many competing names (e.g., dissemination, uptake, utilization, translation) and contributing disciplines. The use of multiple terms across disciplines pose barriers to communication and progress for applying research findings. We sought to establish an inventory of terms describing this field and how often authors use them in a collection of health literature published in 2006. Methods We refer to this field as knowledge translation (KT). Terms describing aspects of KT and their definitions were collected from literature, the internet, reports, textbooks, and contact with experts. We compiled a database of KT and other articles by reading 12 healthcare journals representing multiple disciplines. All articles published in these journals in 2006 were categorized as being KT or not. The KT articles (all KT) were further categorized, if possible, for whether they described KT projects or implementations (KT application articles), or presented the theoretical basis, models, tools, methods, or techniques of KT (KT theory articles). Accuracy was checked using duplicate reading. Custom designed software determined how often KT terms were used in the titles and abstracts of articles categorized as being KT. Results A total of 2,603 articles were assessed, and 581 were identified as KT articles. Of these, 201 described KT applications, and 153 included KT theory. Of the 100 KT terms collected, 46 were used by the authors in the titles or abstracts of articles categorized as being KT. For all 581 KT articles, eight terms or term variations used by authors were highly discriminating for separating KT and non-KT articles (p < 0.001): implementation, adoption, quality improvement, dissemination, complex intervention (with multiple endings), implementation (within three words of) research, and complex intervention. More KT terms were associated with KT application articles (n = 13) and KT theory articles (n = 18). Conclusions We collected 100 terms describing KT research. Authors used 46 of them in titles and abstracts of KT articles. Of these, approximately half discriminated between KT and non-KT articles. Thus, the need for consolidation and consistent use of fewer terms related to KT research is evident.
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            Disseminating research findings: what should researchers do? A systematic scoping review of conceptual frameworks

            Background Addressing deficiencies in the dissemination and transfer of research-based knowledge into routine clinical practice is high on the policy agenda both in the UK and internationally. However, there is lack of clarity between funding agencies as to what represents dissemination. Moreover, the expectations and guidance provided to researchers vary from one agency to another. Against this background, we performed a systematic scoping to identify and describe any conceptual/organising frameworks that could be used by researchers to guide their dissemination activity. Methods We searched twelve electronic databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO), the reference lists of included studies and of individual funding agency websites to identify potential studies for inclusion. To be included, papers had to present an explicit framework or plan either designed for use by researchers or that could be used to guide dissemination activity. Papers which mentioned dissemination (but did not provide any detail) in the context of a wider knowledge translation framework, were excluded. References were screened independently by at least two reviewers; disagreements were resolved by discussion. For each included paper, the source, the date of publication, a description of the main elements of the framework, and whether there was any implicit/explicit reference to theory were extracted. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Results Thirty-three frameworks met our inclusion criteria, 20 of which were designed to be used by researchers to guide their dissemination activities. Twenty-eight included frameworks were underpinned at least in part by one or more of three different theoretical approaches, namely persuasive communication, diffusion of innovations theory, and social marketing. Conclusions There are currently a number of theoretically-informed frameworks available to researchers that can be used to help guide their dissemination planning and activity. Given the current emphasis on enhancing the uptake of knowledge about the effects of interventions into routine practice, funders could consider encouraging researchers to adopt a theoretically-informed approach to their research dissemination.
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              Scoping review identifies significant number of knowledge translation theories, models, and frameworks with limited use

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Saude Publica
                Rev Saude Publica
                rsp
                Revista de Saúde Pública
                Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo
                0034-8910
                1518-8787
                20 July 2020
                2020
                : 54
                : 72
                Affiliations
                [I ] orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Medicina Brasília DF Brasil originalUniversidade de Brasília. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina. Brasília, DF, Brasil
                [I ] Brasil originalUniversidade de Brasília. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina. Brasília, DF, Brasil
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Keitty Regina Cordeiro de Andrade Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro. Faculdade de Medicina, sala 16 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brasil E-mail: keittyregina@ 123456hotmail.com

                Author’s Contribution: Study design and planning: KRCA, MGP. Data collection, analysis and interpretation: KRCA, MGP; Preparation or revision of the manuscript: KRCA, MGP. Approval of the final version: KRCA, MGP. Public responsibility for the content of the article: KRCA, MGP.

                Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

                Correspondência: Keitty Regina Cordeiro de Andrade Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, sala 16 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brasil E-mail: keittyregina@hotmail.com

                Contribuição dos Autores: Concepção e planejamento do estudo: KRCA, MGP. Coleta, análise e interpretação dos dados: KRCA, MGP; Elaboração ou revisão do manuscrito: KRCA, MGP. Aprovação da versão final: KRCA, MGP. Responsabilidade pública pelo conteúdo do artigo: KRCA, MGP.

                Conflito de Interesses: Os autores declaram não haver conflito de interesses.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-6856
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-3502
                Article
                00607
                10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002073
                7371410
                32725095
                f5f6380a-b37e-4b32-8571-7163c913a267

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 10 September 2019
                : 29 October 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 30
                Funding
                Funded by: Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal
                Award ID: 0193.001604-2016
                Funding
                Categories
                Comment

                implementation science,information dissemination,translational medical research,health communication,public health,ciência da implementação,disseminação de informação,pesquisa médica translacional,comunicação em saúde,saúde pública

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