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      Nonthyroidal illness syndrome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to intracranial aneurysm Translated title: Sindrome da doença não tiroideana em pacientes com hemorragia subaracnoidea devida a aneurisma cerebral

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          Abstract

          We have previously reported that subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial aneurysm (SH) is associated with changes in the hormonal profile in the first 24 hours after the event. We proposed that the hormonal changes observed are due to the intense stress to which the patients are exposed. However, the thyroidal hormonal profile is indicative of the presence of a nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS). In this paper, we examined whether the change in the thyroid hormone profile is compatible with a NTIS. Two groups of patients were included in the study: A) 30 patients with SH (21 females and 9 males; 41.7±11.4 years) and B) a control group including 25 patients with benign diseases of the spine (BDS) (lumbar disc hernia or stable spinal trauma) (8 females and 17 males; 41.3±14.2 years). In a subgroup of eight patients of each group serum triiodothyronine (T3) and reverse T3 levels were measured. The blood samples were obtained between 8:00 and 9:00 AM. The following results were obtained: The SH group had smaller serum T3 and free T4 levels than the BDS group (p<0.05): T3 (ng/mL): SH = 58.7±1.1 and BDS = 74.5±13.9; free T4 (ng/dL): SH = 0.9±0.2 and BDS = 1.1±0.3. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) between the two groups: T4 (µg/dL): SH = 6.9±1.1 and BDS = 7.4±2.1; TSH (µUI/mL): SH = 1.5±0.8 and BDS = 1.8±1,0. In the sample of eight patients of each group we had the following results: T3 (ng/mL): SH = 66.8±3.8 and BDS = 77.2±1.1 (p <0.05); reverse T3 (ng/dL): SH = 32.8±8 and BDS = 24.7±2.2 (NS); T3/ reverse T3 ratio: SH = 2.6±0.3 and BDS = 3.3±0.4 (NS). Thyreoglobulin and microsomal antibodies were not detectable, except in one patient in the SH group. In conclusion, the SH patients present serum levels of T3 and free T4 significantly lower than that of BDS patients; the thyroidal hormone profile suggests that SH patients have developed the nonthyroidal illness syndrome.

          Translated abstract

          Nós apresentamos previamente que a hemorragia subaracnoidea devido à ruptura de aneurisma intracraniano (SH) está associada com alterações no perfil hormonal nas primeiras 24 horas após o evento. Nós propusemos que as alterações hormonais observadas são devidas ao intenso estresse ao qual os pacientes estão expostos. Contudo, o perfil hormonal tireoidiano é indicativo da presença da síndrome da doença não tireoidiana (NTIS). Neste trabalho, examinamos se as alterações no perfil dos hormônios tireoidianos são compatíveis com a NTIS. Dois grupos de pacientes foram incluídos no estudo: A) 30 pacientes com SH (21 mulheres e 9 homens; 41,7±11,4 anos) e B) um grupo controle incluindo 25 pacientes com doenças benignas da coluna (BDS) (hérnia de disco lombar ou estável trauma da coluna) (8 mulheres e 17 homens; 41,3±14,2 anos). Em um subgrupo de oito pacientes de cada grupo os níveis séricos de triiodotironina (T3) e T3 reverso foram medidos. As amostras de sangue foram obtidas entre 8:00 e 9:00. Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos: o grupo SH teve menores níveis de T3 e T4 livre do que o grupo BDS (p<0,05): T3 (ng/ml): SH = 58,7±1,1 e BDS = 74,5±13,9; T4 livre (ng/dl): SH = 0,9±0,2 e BDS = 1,1±0,3. Não ocorreram diferenças significativas nos níveis de tiroxina total (T4) e de hormônio estimulante da tireóide (TSH) entre os dois grupos: T4 (µg/dl): SH = 6,9±1,1 e BDS = 7,4±2,1; TSH (µUI/ml): SH = 1,5±0,8 e BDS = 1,8±1,0. Na amostra de oito pacientes de cada grupo tivemos os seguintes resultados: T3 (ng/ml): SH = 66,8±3,8 e BDS = 77,2±1,1 (p <0,05); T3 reverso (ng/dl): SH = 32,8±8 e BDS = 24,7±2,2 (NS); relação T3/ T3 reverso: SH = 2,6±0,3 e BDS = 3,3±0,4 (NS). Anticorpos antitireoglobulina e antimicrossomal não foram detectáveis, exceto em um paciente no grupo SH. Em conclusão: os pacientes com SH apresentam níveis séricos de T3 e T4 livre significativamente menores do que aqueles com BDS; o perfil hormonal tireoidiano sugere que os pacientes com SH desenvolvem a síndrome da doença não tireoidiana.

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          Euthyroid Sick Syndrome: An Overview

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            Acute Effects of Corticosteroids on Thyroid Activity in Graves' Disease

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              Misleadingly low free thyroxine index and usefulness of reverse triiodothyronine measurement in nonthyroidal illnesses.

              Nonthyroidal illness is frequently associated with subnormal serum thyroxine (T4) and free T4 index. To unravel the resultant diagnostic problems, we have studied several variables of thyroid function in the sera of 47 patients hospitalized with nonthyroidal illnesses and seven hypothyroid patients encountered during the same period. Of the 47 euthyroid sick patients, 18 had low T4. Among these 18, free T4 index was normal in only five, whereas free T4 concentration measured by equilibrium dialysis was normal or high in 15 and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3) normal or high in all 18. Reverse T3, free T4 concentration, and free T4 index were subnormal in all seven hypothyroid patients. Thus, measurement of free T4 index may be misleading in evaluation of thyroid function in patients with nonthyroidal illnesses, whereas measurement of serum concentration of reverse T3 and free T4 is quite discriminating.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                anp
                Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
                Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.
                Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO (São Paulo )
                1678-4227
                March 2004
                : 62
                : 1
                : 26-32
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Escola Superior em Ciências da Saúde
                [2 ] Universidade de Brasília Brazil
                [3 ] Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal
                Article
                S0004-282X2004000100005
                10.1590/S0004-282X2004000100005
                f756bdeb-605c-4503-98ee-8bee7cce92e7

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0004-282X&lng=en
                Categories
                NEUROSCIENCES
                PSYCHIATRY

                Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                cerebral aneurysm,euthyroid sick syndrome,nonthyroidal illness syndrome,subarachnoid hemorrhage,thyroid hormones,aneurisma cerebral,hemorragia subaracnóidea,hormônio tiróide,síndrome do doente eutiroideo,síndrome da doença não tiroidiana

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