Abdul Rahman Alashraf: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole:
MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original
draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Seng Fong Lau:
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-4355
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole:
InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole:
ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Siti Khairani-Bejo: Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole:
Writing – review & editing
Kuan Hua Khor:
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-9705
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Mokrish Ajat: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole:
VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Rozanaliza Radzi: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Project administrationRole: Resources
Muhammad Azri Roslan: Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: Methodology
Muhammad Sabri Abdul Rahman: Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: Methodology
Paulo Lee Ho: Role: Editor
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Journal ID (pmc): plosone
Title:
PLoS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
10
March
2020
Publication date Collection: 2020
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Electronic Location Identifier: e0230048
Affiliations
[1
]
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
[2
]
Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
[3
]
Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Instituto Butantan, BRAZIL
Author notes
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PONE-D-19-12044
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230048
PMC ID: 7064249
PubMed ID: 32155209
SO-VID: f7b768df-72b4-4034-ab96-755d8f247f8a
Copyright © © 2020 Alashraf et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004530, Universiti Putra Malaysia;
Award ID: GP-IPS/2018/9641800
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-4355
Seng Fong Lau
This study was supported by a grant from the Universiti Putra Malaysia (GP IPS/2018/9641800)
to authors SFL, SKB, KHK, RR, and AA. No additional external funding was received
for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Organisms
Subject:
Eukaryota
Subject:
Animals
Subject:
Vertebrates
Subject:
Amniotes
Subject:
Mammals
Subject:
Cats
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Organisms
Subject:
Bacteria
Subject:
Leptospira
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Microbiology
Subject:
Medical Microbiology
Subject:
Microbial Pathogens
Subject:
Bacterial Pathogens
Subject:
Leptospira
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Subject:
Pathogens
Subject:
Microbial Pathogens
Subject:
Bacterial Pathogens
Subject:
Leptospira
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Physiology
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Physiology
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Molecular Biology
Subject:
Molecular Biology Techniques
Subject:
Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension
Subject:
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Subject:
Research and Analysis Methods
Subject:
Molecular Biology Techniques
Subject:
Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension
Subject:
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Organisms
Subject:
Bacteria
Subject:
Leptospira
Subject:
Leptospira Interrogans
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Microbiology
Subject:
Medical Microbiology
Subject:
Microbial Pathogens
Subject:
Bacterial Pathogens
Subject:
Leptospira
Subject:
Leptospira Interrogans
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Subject:
Pathogens
Subject:
Microbial Pathogens
Subject:
Bacterial Pathogens
Subject:
Leptospira
Subject:
Leptospira Interrogans
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Renal System
Subject:
Kidneys
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Renal System
Subject:
Kidneys
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Microbiology
Subject:
Medical Microbiology
Subject:
Microbial Pathogens
Subject:
Bacterial Pathogens
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Subject:
Pathogens
Subject:
Microbial Pathogens
Subject:
Bacterial Pathogens
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Subject:
Serology