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      An integrated approach to create a spatial database of parks for urban health research Translated title: Un enfoque integrado para crear una base de datos espacial de parques para la investigación en salud urbana

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          Abstract

          Abstract The role of urban parks has gained interest in urban health research. However, there are currently no clear definitions of these urban assets as exposure variable across the literature, which do have implications for the analysis. In this study, we exhibit an approach to design a comprehensive spatial database of urban parks in cities, using the example of Madrid. This approach consisted of the combination of different spatial databases containing information about parks and green spaces in the city of Madrid, and then a spatial processing to keep only those that met the selected criteria for urban park definition: accessible for pedestrians (to have at least one path around or through the area) and with the minimum size suitable (bigger than 0.50ha) for physical activity. This approach can be helpful to design spatial databases that enable conducting epidemiological studies on the relationship between urban parks and population health.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El papel de los parques ha cobrado interés en la investigación sobre salud urbana. Sin embargo, actualmente no existen definiciones claras de estos activos urbanos como variable de exposición, lo que tiene implicaciones para el análisis. En este estudio se muestra un enfoque para diseñar una base de datos espacial integral de parques en ciudades, utilizando el ejemplo de Madrid. Se combinaron diferentes bases de datos espaciales con información sobre parques y espacios verdes de la ciudad de Madrid, que luego se procesaron espacialmente para mantener aquellos que cumplían los criterios de definición de parque: accesible (disponer de al menos un camino alrededor o a través del área) y un tamaño mínimo adecuado para realizar actividad física (mayor de 0,5ha). Este enfoque puede ser útil para diseñar bases de datos espaciales que permitan realizar estudios epidemiológicos sobre la relación entre parques urbanos y salud poblacional.

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          Most cited references9

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          Exploring pathways linking greenspace to health: Theoretical and methodological guidance.

          In a rapidly urbanizing world, many people have little contact with natural environments, which may affect health and well-being. Existing reviews generally conclude that residential greenspace is beneficial to health. However, the processes generating these benefits and how they can be best promoted remain unclear.
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            Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: The challenge of making cities ‘just green enough’

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              A Review of the Health Benefits of Greenness.

              Researchers are increasingly exploring how neighborhood greenness, or vegetation, may affect health behaviors and outcomes. Greenness may influence health by promoting physical activity and social contact; decreasing stress; and mitigating air pollution, noise, and heat exposure. Greenness is generally measured using satellite-based vegetation indices or land-use databases linked to participants' addresses. In this review, we found fairly strong evidence for a positive association between greenness and physical activity, and a less consistent negative association between greenness and body weight. Research suggests greenness is protective against adverse mental health outcomes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality, though most studies were limited by cross-sectional or ecological design. There is consistent evidence that greenness exposure during pregnancy is positively associated with birth weight, though findings for other birth outcomes are less conclusive. Future research should follow subjects prospectively, differentiate between greenness quantity and quality, and identify mediators and effect modifiers of greenness-health associations.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS) (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                February 2022
                : 36
                : 1
                : 67-69
                Affiliations
                [3] Alcalá de Henares Madrid orgnameUniversidad de Alcalá de Henares orgdiv1Departamento de Geología, Geografía y Medio Ambiente Spain
                [5] Melbourne orgnameRMIT University orgdiv1School of Global, Urban and Social Studies Australia
                [4] Baltimore Maryland orgnameJohns Hopkins Hospital orgdiv1Department of Epidemiology United States
                [1] Alcalá de Henares Madrid orgnameUniversidad de Alcalá de Henares orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Spain
                [2] Madrid orgnameHospital Universitario Infanta Leonor orgdiv1Servicio de Medicina Preventiva España
                Article
                S0213-91112022000100067 S0213-9111(22)03600100067
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.07.005
                f80c98bd-0885-4981-a620-214dc3d145b3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 May 2021
                : 29 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 3
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Methodological Notes

                Bases de datos,GIS,Salud urbana,Parques,Madrid,Databases,Urban health,Parks

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