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      Ciencia y persuasión social en la medicalización de la infancia en España, siglos XIX-XX Translated title: Science and social persuasion in the medicalization of childhood in 19th- and 20th-century Spain

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          Abstract

          Este trabajo indaga la conversión en rutinaria de la visita del médico de niños en España. Estudia la sustitución de modelos de atención al embarazo, parto y crianza, tradicionalmente opacos para varones y objeto de cuidados mediante agentes populares, por otros accesibles a la medicina académica. A partir de la situación existente a nivel popular en el último tercio del siglo XIX, exploramos la repercusión de campañas de divulgación científica - entendidas como crítica sin cuartel a lo que se construyó como cultura popular - y la proliferación de dispositivos asistenciales gratuitos. La oferta de vigilancia sobre la alimentación de lactantes permitió familiarizar a las madres con la asistencia facultativa en la enfermedad, hasta que, en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la Pediatría se centró preferentemente en las patologías y la Puericultura dejó de ser especialidad médica para convertirse en identidad profesional subalterna.

          Translated abstract

          The article explores how childhood visits to doctors first became routine in Spain. The introduction of new models of prenatal care, childbirth, and childrearing required the extension of academic medicine into a terrain traditionally occupied by practitioners of popular medicine. Focusing on the status quo for most of the population in the final third of the nineteenth century, the study examines the repercussion of the era's scientific outreach campaigns (expressions of harsh criticism of what popular culture had constructed) and the spread of free health assistance. In particular, it highlights how attention to the nutritional needs of nursing mothers helped these women gain familiarity with the medical assistance available in the case of illness - so much so that by the second half of the twentieth century, the issues of health education and promotion had been relegated to a secondary plane within the medical profession.

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          Most cited references75

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          Constructing mothers: scientific motherhood in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

          R D Apple (1995)
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            La mortalidad infantil española en el siglo XX

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              Madres y enfermeras. Demografía y salud en la política poblacionista del primer franquismo, 1939-1950

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                hcsm
                História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos
                Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos
                Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0104-5970
                1678-4758
                June 2006
                : 13
                : 2
                : 303-324
                Affiliations
                [01] Granada orgnameUniversidad de Granada orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Anatomía Patológica e Historia de la Ciencia España erodrig@ 123456ugr.es
                [02] Alicante orgnameUniversidad Miguel Hernández Crta orgdiv1Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología orgdiv2Departamento de Salud Pública España quique@ 123456umh.es
                Article
                S0104-59702006000200007 S0104-5970(06)01300207
                10.1590/S0104-59702006000200007
                f896590d-c44e-46d8-80d3-f16d46c17e57

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : March 2006
                : February 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 77, Pages: 22
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Dossiê Persuasión y Dominio: Medicina e Público en España (Siglos XIX y XX)

                popularization,Spain,nineteenth and twentieth centuries,puericultura,medicina popular,popularización,España,siglos XIX y XX,childrearing,popular medicine

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