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      Dioctophyme renale: prevalence and risk factors of parasitism in dogs of São Cristóvão district, Três Barras county, Santa Catarina State, Brazil Translated title: Dioctophyme renale: prevalência e fatores de risco de parasitismo em cães no distrito de São Cristóvão, Três Barras, Santa Catarina, Brasil

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          Abstract

          Abstract Dioctophyme renale is a nematode that can be found parasitizing the kidney, peritoneal cavity and, rarely, other organs of canids and mustelids. This disease has high occurrence in the municipality of Três Barras, state of Santa Catarina, thus making this an interesting area to study the epidemiological aspects of infection by D. renale in dogs. Among 197 dogs, 14.2% showed the parasite eggs in urine and 16.4% showed IgG antibodies anti-D. renale in serum samples according to the indirect ELISA method; among seropositive dogs, 15 (37.5%) animals did not show any parasite eggs in their urine. Parasitism was more frequent in females, and there was no finding of interference from age on parasitism. Factors such as water potential and presence of paratenic hosts in the studied region were reported by the owners of dogs and may have contributed to the occurrence of parasitism.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Dioctophyme renale é nematoda parasita de rins, cavidade peritoneal e, mais raramente, de outros órgãos de canídeos e mustelídeos. Esta parasitose tem ocorrência elevada no Município de Três Barras - SC, tornando essa área interessante para o estudo de aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção por D. renale em cães. De 197 cães examinados, 14,2% apresentaram ovos do parasita na urina e 16,4% apresentaram anticorpos IgG anti-D. renale no soro pelo método de ELISA indireto e, entre estes, 15 (37,5%) não apresentavam ovos do parasita sendo eliminados pela urina. O parasitismo foi mais frequente nas fêmeas, e não houve constatação de interferência da idade no parasitismo. Fatores como potencial hídrico e presença de hospedeiros paratênicos na região estudada foram relatados pelos tutores dos cães e podem contribuir para a ocorrência do parasitismo.

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          Processes influencing the distribution of parasite numbers within host populations with special emphasis on parasite-induced host mortalities.

          The paper examines the factors which generate various patterns of dispersion in the distribution of parasites within their host populations. Particular emphasis is placed on the role played by chance elements in the growth and decay of parasite populations and on the influence of different types of demographic processes. It is argued that observed distributions are dynamic, rather than static, entities generated by opposing forces, some acting to create over-dispersion and others acting to generate under-dispersion. Monte Carlo simulation experiments, based on probability models of the growth and decay of host and parasite populations, are used to study the dynamics of parasite dispersion. Attention is specifically focused on the role played by parasite-induced host mortality. It is shown that, for certain types of host-parasite associations, convex curves of mean parasite abundance in relation to age (age-intensity curves), concomitant with a decline in the degree of dispersion in the older age, classes of hosts, may be evidence of the induction in host mortality by parasite infection. Empirical evidence is examined in light of this prediction. In general, however, simulation studies highlight the technical difficulties inherent in establishing clear evidence of parasite-induced host mortality from ecological studies of hosts and parasites in their natural habitats.
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            Epidemiologia veterinária

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              Dioctofimose em cães: 16 casos

              No período de 1978 a 1996, de um total de 3.259 cães necropsiados, 16 (0,49%) apresentaram parasitismo por Dioctophyma renale. Desses, 12 (75%) eram cães de rua. Em 13 cães (81, 2%), um ou vários parasitas localizavam-se no rim direito. Em 3 casos (18,7%), o parasita foi observado na cavidade abdominal. Nos casos de parasitismo renal, observou-se acentuada atrofia do parênquima, transformando o rim numa bolsa fibrosa contendo o parasita em meio a exsudato necro-hemorrágico semilíquido. Foi observada hipertrofia renal compensatória contralateral em 5 casos. O ciclo evolutivo de D. renale é complexo e incompletamente entendido. Envolve um hospedeiro intermediário e hospedeiros paratênicos. A alta ocorrência da doença em cães de rua sugere que a infecção seja relacionada aos hábitos alimentares pouco seletivos desses animais.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbpv
                Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária
                Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária (Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil )
                0103-846X
                1984-2961
                March 2017
                : 26
                : 1
                : 39-46
                Affiliations
                [02] Jaboticabal orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal Brazil
                [03] Jaboticabal orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista orgdiv1Departamento de Patologia Veterinária Brazil
                [01] Canoinhas Santa Catarina orgnameUniversidade do Contestado orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Brazil
                Article
                S1984-29612017000100039
                10.1590/s1984-29612017004
                28198911
                faed1ad8-bfc1-4f17-8c2e-8ebdb5805a15

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 October 2016
                : 17 January 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Verme renal,Dioctophyma renale,epidemiologia,ELISA,Kidney worm,epidemiology

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