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      Determinants of Acute Malnutrition among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Public Health Facilities of Pastoralist Community, Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

      research-article
      Author(s): 1 , , 2 , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
      Publisher: Hindawi

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          Abstract

          Background

          In low income countries, acute malnutrition continues to be the most important risk factor for illnesses and deaths. The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of acute malnutrition among children aged 6–59 months.

          Methods

          A facility based unmatched case control study was employed on 420 (140 cases and 280 controls) children aged 6–59 months with their caregivers between January 20 and February 20, 2014. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

          Results

          Children aged 12–23 months [AOR = 10.51, 95% CI = 4.93, 22.34], rural residence [AOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.22, 4.79], illiterate father [AOR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.32, 4.61], Monthly income of less than 1000 birr [AOR = 3.98, 95% CI 2.05, 7.69], and food served together with family [AOR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.10, 4.30] were associated with acute malnutrition.

          Conclusion

          Rural residence, illiterate father, monthly income of less than 1000 birr, and food served together with family are statistically associated with acute malnutrition. Improving practices of parents on appropriate child feeding and creating awareness related to key risk factors of acute malnutrition should be further strengthened.

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          Most cited references11

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          Malnutrition among children under the age of five in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): does geographic location matter?

          Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala, Tumwaka P Madungu, Jacques BO Emina … (2011)
          Background Although there are inequalities in child health and survival in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the influence of distal determinants such as geographic location on children's nutritional status is still unclear. We investigate the impact of geographic location on child nutritional status by mapping the residual net effect of malnutrition while accounting for important risk factors. Methods We examine spatial variation in under-five malnutrition with flexible geo-additive semi-parametric mixed model while simultaneously controlling for spatial dependence and possibly nonlinear effects of covariates within a simultaneous, coherent regression framework based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. Individual data records were constructed for children. Each record represents a child and consists of nutritional status information and a list of covariates. For the 8,992 children born within the last five years before the survey, 3,663 children have information on anthropometric measures. Our novel empirical approach is able to flexibly determine to what extent the substantial spatial pattern of malnutrition is driven by detectable factors such as socioeconomic factors and can be attributable to unmeasured factors such as conflicts, political, environmental and cultural factors. Results Although childhood malnutrition was more pronounced in all provinces of the DRC, after accounting for the location's effects, geographic differences were significant: malnutrition was significantly higher in rural areas compared to urban centres and this difference persisted after multiple adjustments. The findings suggest that models of nutritional intervention must be carefully specified with regard to residential location. Conclusion Childhood malnutrition is spatially structured and rates remain very high in the provinces that rely on the mining industry and comparable to the level seen in Eastern provinces under conflicts. Even in provinces such as Bas-Congo that produce foods, childhood malnutrition is higher probably because of the economic decision to sell more than the population consumes. Improving maternal and child nutritional status is a prerequisite for achieving MDG 4, to reduce child mortality rate in the DRC.
          Article 0 comments Cited 87 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Nutritional status and the characteristics related to malnutrition in children under five years of age in Nghean, Vietnam.

            Sin Kam, Nguyen Hien (2008)
            This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status and characteristics related to malnutrition in children less than five years of age in Nghean, Vietnam. In this study, which was conducted in November 2007, 650 child-mother pairs were selected using a two-stage cluster sampling methodology. A structured questionnaire was then administered to the mothers in their home settings. Anthropometric measurement was then used to determine if children were underweight (weight-for-age), wasting (weight-for-height) and stunting (height-for-age) based on reference data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)/World Health Organization (WHO). Logistic regression analysis was then used to describe the hierarchical relationships between potential risk factors and malnutrition. The mean Z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height were -1.46 (95% CI=-1.57, -1.35), -1.44 (95% CI=-1.56, -1.32) and -0.71 (95% CI=-0.82, -0.60), respectively. Of the children included in this study, 193 (31.8%) were underweight, 269 (44.3%) were stunting and 72 (11.9%) were wasting. Region of residence, the mother's level of education and occupation, household size, number of children in the family, weight at birth and duration of exclusive breastfeeding were found to be significantly related to malnutrition. The findings of this study indicate that malnutrition is still an important problem among children less than five years of age in Nghean, Vietnam. In addition, maternal, socio-economic and environment factors were found to be significant factors for malnutrition among children under five.
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              Risk factors for ever acute malnutrition inchildren under the age of five: a case-control study

              Z Tigabu, S. Amsalu (2008)
              Article 0 comments Cited 32 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Anwar Seid:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-9774
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Nutr Metab
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Nutr Metab
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JNME
                Title: Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2090-0724
                ISSN (Electronic): 2090-0732
                Publication date (Print): 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 September 2017
                Volume: 2017
                Electronic Location Identifier: 7265972
                Affiliations
                1College of Medical and Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
                2College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: H. K. Biesalski

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-9774
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2017/7265972
                PMC ID: 5615944
                PubMed ID: 29057119
                SO-VID: fb85814c-24ef-480f-a268-f93bfb22e223
                Copyright © Copyright © 2017 Anwar Seid et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 15 February 2017
                Date revision received : 13 June 2017
                Date accepted : 4 July 2017
                Funding
                Funded by: Federal Minister of Health of Ethiopia
                Funded by: Haramaya University
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Nutrition & Dietetics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Nutrition & Dietetics

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