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      Adaptação e utilização de uma medida de avaliação da rede de apoio social - diagrama da escolta - para idosos brasileiros* Translated title: Adaptation and Use of a Social Support Network Measure to a Sample of Brazilian Older Persons

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          Abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar uma medida de apoio social - Diagrama da Escolta - para a população idosa e apresentar resultados descritivos sobre a estrutura e a função das redes de apoio da presente amostra. Participaram 15 idosos selecionados de uma amostra maior (N = 81) com idade média de 69.6 anos (SD = 7.45). A aplicação do diagrama foi individual. O Diagrama da Escolta aplicado a idosos mostrou-se um instrumento de fácil aplicação e útil para avaliar a rede social. Destaca-se o fato de o instrumento contemplar aspectos estruturais e funcionais da rede buscando uma análise integrada. Sabe-se que se a estrutura da rede social fornece subsídios para a sua avaliação, é a percepção satisfatória quanto às relações de apoio mantidas, que promove sentimentos de bem-estar individual.

          Translated abstract

          This study aims to adapt a social support measure - The Convoy of Social Support - to older persons in Brazil. Participants were 15 older persons (10 women and five men) selected from a larger sample of older persons (N = 81). The mean age of the participants was 69.6 years old (SD = 7.45). The diagram was individually applied. The Convoy of Social Support approach applied to older persons revealed itself as an easy and useful instrument to assess their social support network. An important aspect of it is that both structural and functional aspects of the social network are considered. Researchers have been pointing to the fact that if the quantity of support is an important feature of social support, it is the quality of it that promotes individual well-being.

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          Social networks in adult life and a preliminary examination of the convoy model.

          This paper examines the social support networks of older adults. Based upon the Kahn and Antonucci (1980) life course social support model, a national sample of adults aged 50 and older (N = 718) was interviewed, generating support networks consisting of an average of 8.9 members. The respondents were asked questions of the structural (e.g., age, sex, closeness, years known, proximity, and frequency of contact) and functional (number and type of supports provided and received) characteristics of their social networks. These characteristics and relationships are described in detail.
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            Attachment and close relationships across the life span.

            The Convoy Model of Social Relations is identified as a unifying conceptual framework within which to consider attachment and other close social relationships across the life span. Convoy data are provided for people aged 8 to 93 in both the United States and Japan. Data from community based representative samples in the Detroit (N = 1703) and Yokohama (N = 1842) metropolitan areas indicate age differences in all close relationships but gender differences only in very close relationships in the two countries. There was only one Age x Gender x Country interaction for number of people in close relations. Examination of role relationships suggest age differences overall but considerable similarities in the two countries.
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              Social exchange and well-being: is giving better than receiving?

              This research examined the effects of giving and receiving assistance on psychological well-being while taking into account other salient dimensions of social support including negative interaction and anticipated support. Structural equation models were evaluated by using data derived from a national probability sample of 1,103 individuals aged 65 years or older. Results indicate that the major dimensions of social support are significantly interrelated, not only directly but also indirectly. Giving and receiving support have both positive and negative consequences on well-being. With reference to the role of reciprocity, the evidence provides some support for the hypothesis of esteem enhancement instead of social exchange and equity theories.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rups
                Universitas Psychologica
                Univ. Psychol.
                Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá )
                1657-9267
                August 2008
                : 7
                : 2
                : 493-505
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Su Brasil
                [2 ] Cep-Rua, Instituto De Psicologia
                [3 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
                [4 ] Universidade de Lisboa
                Article
                S1657-92672008000200015
                fe1e81d2-d3fe-4c24-8f04-c1463bc2813b

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1657-9267&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Social Support Network,Older Persons,Convoy Model,Life-Span Development,Social Capital,Frail Elderly,State Aid,Rede de apoio social,idosos,modelo da escolta de apoio social,life-span,Capital social,anciano frágil,ayuda estatal

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