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      Autonomous pollination alleviates pollen limitation in the endemic Cienfuegosia yucatanensis Millsp. (Malvaceae) Translated title: La polinización autónoma alivia la limitación por polen en la especie endémica Cienfuegosia yucatanensis Millsp. (Malvaceae)

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          Abstract

          Abstract Background: Self-compatibility is common on endemic plant species, but pollen limitation and self-pollination could be risk factors. Study species: The endemic Cienfuegosia yucatanensis (Malvaceae), whose distribution is mainly restricted to the north coast of the peninsula of Yucatán, México. Questions: a) Are flowers of C. yucatanensis autonomous for pollination? b) Are C. yucatanensis fruit or seed-set limited by pollen deposition? and, c) Is there evidence of early inbreeding depression in C. yucatanensis? Study sites and dates: Two sites in the north of the peninsula of Yucatán in a seasonally dry scrubland, in the rainy season of 2013 and 2014. Methods: Number of flowers and fruits were weekly recorded. Flowers were collected to count the number of conspecific pollen load and the number of pollen tubes. Autonomous pollination and pollen limitation were evaluated with a hand-pollination experiment. Inbreeding depression on fruit and seed production, and seed weight was evaluated. Results: Flower and fruit production occur simultaneously and last from August to October. Conspecific pollen deposition on stigmas occurred through the whole flowering season and a maximum of pollen tubes was observed in August. Autonomous pollination treatment lead to similar fruit and seed production than cross-pollination, but open pollination produced significantly more seeds. No significant differences among self- and cross-pollination treatments on fruit and seed production or seed weight, were found. Conclusions: Our results suggest that self-compatibility combined with a relatively efficient autonomous pollination, are suitable mechanisms for the reproductive assurance in C. yucatanensis, with no apparent effects of early inbreeding depression.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Antecedentes: La autocompatibilidad es común en especies endémicas, pero la limitación por polen y la autopolinización son factores de riesgo. Especie de estudio: Cienfuegosia yucatanensis (Malvaceae), especie endémica cuya distribución principal se restringe a la costa norte de Yucatán, México. Preguntas: a) ¿C. yucatanensis presenta autopolinización autónoma? b) ¿Existe limitación por polen en C. yucatanensis? y c) ¿Existe depresión por endogamia temprana en C. yucatanensis? Sitios de estudio y fechas: Dos sitios ubicados en el norte de la península de Yucatán, en la temporada de lluvias de los años 2013 y 2014. Métodos: Se contabilizó la producción de flores y frutos, y el número de granos de polen conespecífico y de tubos polínicos. La polinización autónoma y la limitación por polen fueron evaluadas con experimentos de polinización manual. La depresión por endogamia se estimó en la producción de frutos y semillas, y en el peso de las semillas. Resultados: La producción de flores y frutos abarcó de agosto a octubre. La deposición de polen y el número de tubos polínicos máximo se observó durante agosto. La polinización autónoma produjo frutos y semillas, pero la polinización abierta produjo significativamente más semillas por fruto. No hubo diferencias significativas en la producción de frutos y semillas, ni en el peso de las semillas, entre los tratamientos de autopolinización y polinización cruzada. Conclusiones: La autocompatibilidad, combinada con una eficiente polinización autónoma, son buenos mecanismos para el aseguramiento reproductivo de C. yucatanensis sin efectos de depresión por endogamia temprana.

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          Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems

          Urgent need for conservation and restoration measures to improve landscape connectivity.
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            Global warming and the disruption of plant-pollinator interactions.

            Anthropogenic climate change is widely expected to drive species extinct by hampering individual survival and reproduction, by reducing the amount and accessibility of suitable habitat, or by eliminating other organisms that are essential to the species in question. Less well appreciated is the likelihood that climate change will directly disrupt or eliminate mutually beneficial (mutualistic) ecological interactions between species even before extinctions occur. We explored the potential disruption of a ubiquitous mutualistic interaction of terrestrial habitats, that between plants and their animal pollinators, via climate change. We used a highly resolved empirical network of interactions between 1420 pollinator and 429 plant species to simulate consequences of the phenological shifts that can be expected with a doubling of atmospheric CO(2). Depending on model assumptions, phenological shifts reduced the floral resources available to 17-50% of all pollinator species, causing as much as half of the ancestral activity period of the animals to fall at times when no food plants were available. Reduced overlap between plants and pollinators also decreased diet breadth of the pollinators. The predicted result of these disruptions is the extinction of pollinators, plants and their crucial interactions.
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              POLLEN LIMITATION OF PLANT REPRODUCTION: ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bs
                Botanical Sciences
                Bot. sci
                Sociedad Botánica de México A.C. (México, DF, Mexico )
                2007-4298
                2007-4476
                March 2021
                : 99
                : 1
                : 80-91
                Affiliations
                [1] Mérida Yucatán orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Yucatán orgdiv1Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias orgdiv2Departamento de Ecología Tropical Mexico
                [2] Sevilla orgnameEstación Biológica de Doñana Spain
                Article
                S2007-42982021000100080 S2007-4298(21)09900100080
                10.17129/botsci.2651
                fe7a690c-5d88-4a41-bba5-16d55439ecf6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 June 2020
                : 07 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 71, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Ecology

                Ecology
                sistemas de cruza mixto,auto-compatibilidad,Yucatán,Endemism,self-compatibility,mixed mating systems,endemismo

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