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      ¿El uso de alto flujo de oxígeno disminuye la necesidad de intubación comparado con el empleo de ventilación mecánica no invasiva en el paciente con síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (SIRA) leve? Translated title: Does using high-flow oxygen reduce the need for intubation compared with the use of non-invasive ventilation in the patient with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? Translated title: O uso de alto fluxo de oxigênio reduz a necessidade de intubação em comparação com o uso de ventilação mecânica não invasiva no paciente com sira leve?

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          Abstract

          Resumen: Actualmente existen dispositivos de alto flujo para tratar la insuficiencia respiratoria. El objetivo fue evaluar si el uso de alto flujo de oxígeno disminuye la necesidad de intubación comparado con el empleo de ventilación mecánica no invasiva en el paciente con síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (SIRA) leve. Realizamos una búsqueda exhaustiva en la literatura actual, que dio como resultado 14 artículos relevantes. Se analizaron y se excluyeron los artículos de revisión, los casos clínicos y los de población pediátrica. Quedaron únicamente tres artículos. Conclusión: No existe evidencia suficiente de buena calidad metodológica que apoye que el uso de puntas nasales de alto flujo disminuya la intubación orotraqueal.

          Translated abstract

          Summary: There are currently high-flow devices to treat respiratory failure. Our objective was to assess whether the use of high flow oxygen reduces the need for intubation compared with the use of noninvasive ventilation in patients with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We conducted a comprehensive search of the literature, which resulted in 14 items. We analyzed and excluded review articles, clinical cases and those with pediatric population, which left us with only three items. Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence of good methodological quality to support that the use of high flow nasal tips decreases endotracheal intubation.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo: Atualmente existem dispositivos de alto fluxo para tratar a insuficiência respiratória. O objetivo foi avaliar se o uso de alto fluxo de oxigênio reduz a necessidade de intubação em comparação com o uso de ventilação mecânica não invasiva em paciente com SIRA leve. Realizamos uma pesquisa abrangente na literatura atual resultando 14 artigos relevantes. Eles foram analisados e excluídos artigos de revisão, os casos clínicos e de população pediátrica. Permanecendo apenas 3 artigos. Conclusão: Não existe evidência suficiente, de boa qualidade metodológica, que apoie o uso do catéter nasal de alta fluxo para diminuir a intubação orotraqueal.

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          Most cited references22

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          Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin Definition.

          The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was defined in 1994 by the American-European Consensus Conference (AECC); since then, issues regarding the reliability and validity of this definition have emerged. Using a consensus process, a panel of experts convened in 2011 (an initiative of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine endorsed by the American Thoracic Society and the Society of Critical Care Medicine) developed the Berlin Definition, focusing on feasibility, reliability, validity, and objective evaluation of its performance. A draft definition proposed 3 mutually exclusive categories of ARDS based on degree of hypoxemia: mild (200 mm Hg < PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg), moderate (100 mm Hg < PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg), and severe (PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 100 mm Hg) and 4 ancillary variables for severe ARDS: radiographic severity, respiratory system compliance (≤40 mL/cm H2O), positive end-expiratory pressure (≥10 cm H2O), and corrected expired volume per minute (≥10 L/min). The draft Berlin Definition was empirically evaluated using patient-level meta-analysis of 4188 patients with ARDS from 4 multicenter clinical data sets and 269 patients with ARDS from 3 single-center data sets containing physiologic information. The 4 ancillary variables did not contribute to the predictive validity of severe ARDS for mortality and were removed from the definition. Using the Berlin Definition, stages of mild, moderate, and severe ARDS were associated with increased mortality (27%; 95% CI, 24%-30%; 32%; 95% CI, 29%-34%; and 45%; 95% CI, 42%-48%, respectively; P < .001) and increased median duration of mechanical ventilation in survivors (5 days; interquartile [IQR], 2-11; 7 days; IQR, 4-14; and 9 days; IQR, 5-17, respectively; P < .001). Compared with the AECC definition, the final Berlin Definition had better predictive validity for mortality, with an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.577 (95% CI, 0.561-0.593) vs 0.536 (95% CI, 0.520-0.553; P < .001). This updated and revised Berlin Definition for ARDS addresses a number of the limitations of the AECC definition. The approach of combining consensus discussions with empirical evaluation may serve as a model to create more accurate, evidence-based, critical illness syndrome definitions and to better inform clinical care, research, and health services planning.
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            High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

            Whether noninvasive ventilation should be administered in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is debated. Therapy with high-flow oxygen through a nasal cannula may offer an alternative in patients with hypoxemia.
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              High-flow oxygen therapy in acute respiratory failure.

              To compare the comfort of oxygen therapy via high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) versus via conventional face mask in patients with acute respiratory failure. Acute respiratory failure was defined as blood oxygen saturation or = 0.50 via face mask. Oxygen was first humidified with a bubble humidifier and delivered via face mask for 30 min, and then via HFNC with heated humidifier for another 30 min. At the end of each 30-min period we asked the patient to evaluate dyspnea, mouth dryness, and overall comfort, on a visual analog scale of 0 (lowest) to 10 (highest). The results are expressed as median and interquartile range values. We included 20 patients, with a median age of 57 (40-70) years. The total gas flow administered was higher with the HFNC than with the face mask (30 [21.3-38.7] L/min vs 15 [12-20] L/min, P < .001). The HFNC was associated with less dyspnea (3.8 [1.3-5.8] vs 6.8 [4.1-7.9], P = .001) and mouth dryness (5 [2.3-7] vs 9.5 [8-10], P < .001), and was more comfortable (9 [8-10]) versus 5 [2.3-6.8], P < .001). HFNC was associated with higher P(aO(2)) (127 [83-191] mm Hg vs 77 [64-88] mm Hg, P = .002) and lower respiratory rate (21 [18-27] breaths/min vs 28 [25-32] breaths/min, P < .001), but no difference in P(aCO(2)). HFNC was better tolerated and more comfortable than face mask. HFNC was associated with better oxygenation and lower respiratory rate. HFNC could have an important role in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                mccmmc
                Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)
                Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)
                Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C. (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                2448-8909
                December 2016
                : 30
                : 5
                : 329-333
                Affiliations
                [1] Ciudad de México orgnameHospital Ángeles Lomas México
                Article
                S2448-89092016000500329 S2448-8909(16)03000500329
                ffce5e8d-6379-4224-9abe-7d537f4862ff

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 October 2015
                : 29 September 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Temas de investigación

                intubação orotraqueal,SIRA,Síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda,orotracheal intubation,noninvasive ventilation,high flow nasal tips,ARDS,Acute respiratory distress syndrome,ventilação mecânica não invasiva,catéteres nasais de alto fluxo,intubación orotraqueal,ventilación mecánica no invasiva,puntas nasales de alto flujo

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