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      Screening and identification of six serum microRNAs as novel potential combination biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis.

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          Abstract

          It is very difficult to prevent pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) due to the lack of specific and diagnostic markers, which could lead to a high incidence of pulmonary TB. We screened the differentially expressed serum microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB.

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          Most cited references17

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          Integration of biological networks and gene expression data using Cytoscape.

          Cytoscape is a free software package for visualizing, modeling and analyzing molecular and genetic interaction networks. This protocol explains how to use Cytoscape to analyze the results of mRNA expression profiling, and other functional genomics and proteomics experiments, in the context of an interaction network obtained for genes of interest. Five major steps are described: (i) obtaining a gene or protein network, (ii) displaying the network using layout algorithms, (iii) integrating with gene expression and other functional attributes, (iv) identifying putative complexes and functional modules and (v) identifying enriched Gene Ontology annotations in the network. These steps provide a broad sample of the types of analyses performed by Cytoscape.
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            Large-scale sequencing reveals 21U-RNAs and additional microRNAs and endogenous siRNAs in C. elegans.

            We sequenced approximately 400,000 small RNAs from Caenorhabditis elegans. Another 18 microRNA (miRNA) genes were identified, thereby extending to 112 our tally of confidently identified miRNA genes in C. elegans. Also observed were thousands of endogenous siRNAs generated by RNA-directed RNA polymerases acting preferentially on transcripts associated with spermatogenesis and transposons. In addition, a third class of nematode small RNAs, called 21U-RNAs, was discovered. 21U-RNAs are precisely 21 nucleotides long, begin with a uridine 5'-monophosphate but are diverse in their remaining 20 nucleotides, and appear modified at their 3'-terminal ribose. 21U-RNAs originate from more than 5700 genomic loci dispersed in two broad regions of chromosome IV-primarily between protein-coding genes or within their introns. These loci share a large upstream motif that enables accurate prediction of additional 21U-RNAs. The motif is conserved in other nematodes, presumably because of its importance for producing these diverse, autonomously expressed, small RNAs (dasRNAs).
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              Identification of microRNAs and other small regulatory RNAs using cDNA library sequencing.

              Distinct classes of small RNAs, 20-32 nucleotides long, play important regulatory roles for diverse cellular processes. It is therefore important to identify and quantify small RNAs as a function of development, tissue and cell type, in normal and disease states. Here we describe methods to prepare cDNA libraries from pools of small RNAs isolated from organisms, tissues or cells. These methods enable the identification of new members or new classes of small RNAs, and they are also suitable to obtain miRNA expression profiles based on clone count frequencies. This protocol includes the use of new deep sequencing methods (454/Roche and Solexa) to facilitate the characterization of diverse sequence pools of small RNAs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PLoS ONE
                PloS one
                Public Library of Science (PLoS)
                1932-6203
                1932-6203
                2013
                : 8
                : 12
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
                [2 ] State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
                [3 ] Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, China.
                [4 ] Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sixth of People's Hospital of Shaoxing zhejiang, Shaoxing, China.
                [5 ] Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
                Article
                PONE-D-13-29159
                10.1371/journal.pone.0081076
                3857778
                24349033
                375a6b4d-d5ec-4d17-b8ff-f61299aef9e0
                History

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