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      Cerebrovascular alterations in Alzheimer’s disease: incidental or pathogenic?

      research-article
      Author(s): , M.D., , M.D., Ph.D.
      Publication date PMC-release:
      Journal: Circulation research
      Keywords: Dementia, vascular cognitive impairment, vascular risk factors

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          Abstract

          Alzheimer’s disease, the leading cause of cognitive impairment in the elderly, has traditionally been considered a disease of neurons. Structural and function alterations of cerebral blood vessels also occur, but direct evidence of a causal involvement in the pathobiology of the disease has been lacking. This Viewpoint will review new data that may help shed light into the intriguing association between vascular and neurodegenerative pathology.

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          Association Between Midlife Vascular Risk Factors and Estimated Brain Amyloid Deposition.

          Rebecca F. Gottesman, Andrea Schneider, Yun Zhou … (2017)
          Midlife vascular risk factors have been associated with late-life dementia. Whether these risk factors directly contribute to brain amyloid deposition is less well understood.
          Article 0 comments Cited 243 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial

            Françoise Forette, Marie-Laure Seux, Jan Staessen … (1998)
            Article 0 comments Cited 113 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Lesion location and cognitive impact of cerebral small vessel disease.

              Nick A. Weaver, Geert Biessels, J. Matthijs Biesbroek (2017)
              Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is an important cause of cognitive impairment. Important MRI manifestations of SVD include white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and lacunes. This narrative review addresses the role of anatomical lesion location in the impact of SVD on cognition, integrating findings from early autopsy studies with emerging findings from recent studies with advanced image analysis techniques. Early autopsy and imaging studies of small case series indicate that single lacunar infarcts in, for example the thalamus, caudate nucleus or internal capsule can cause marked cognitive impairment. However, the findings of such case studies may not be generalizable. Emerging location-based image analysis approaches are now being applied to large cohorts. Recent studies show that WMH burden in strategic white matter tracts, such as the forceps minor or anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), is more relevant in explaining variance in cognitive functioning than global WMH volume. These findings suggest that the future diagnostic work-up of memory clinic patients could potentially be improved by shifting from a global assessment of WMH and lacune burden towards a quantitative assessment of lesion volumes within strategic brain regions. In this review, a summary of currently known strategic regions for SVD-related cognitive impairment is provided, highlighting recent technical developments in SVD research. The potential and challenges of location-based approaches for diagnostic purposes in clinical practice are discussed, along with their potential prognostic and therapeutic applications.
              Article 0 comments Cited 73 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Costantino Iadecola
                Rebecca F. Gottesman
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-journal-id): 0047103
                Journal ID (pubmed-jr-id): 2974
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Circ Res
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Circ. Res.
                Title: Circulation research
                ISSN (Print): 0009-7330
                ISSN (Electronic): 1524-4571
                Publication date Nihms-submitted: 31 May 2018
                Publication date (Print): 03 August 2018
                Publication date PMC-release: 03 August 2019
                Volume: 123
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 406-408
                Affiliations
                Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10021
                Department of Neurology and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Costantino Iadecola, M.D., Chair and Anne Parrish Titzell Professor of Neurology, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, 407 East 61st Street, RR-303, New York, NY 10065, T 646-962-8279, F 646-962-0535, coi2001@ 123456med.cornell.edu
                Article
                Accession ID: PMC6214471 Pmcid ID: PMC6214471 Pmc-uid ID: 6214471 Manuscript ID: nihpa971955
                DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313400
                PMC ID: 6214471
                PubMed ID: 30355253
                SO-VID: 11a70352-7b37-4b83-9af0-c8beded7bb63
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: vascular risk factors,vascular cognitive impairment,Dementia
                Data availability:
                Keywords: vascular risk factors, vascular cognitive impairment, Dementia

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