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      Da busca pelo diagnóstico às incertezas do tratamento: desafios do cuidado para as doenças genéticas raras no Brasil

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          Abstract

          Resumo As doenças genéticas raras constituem um importante problema de saúde pública, mas ainda são pouco estudadas na perspectiva da Saúde Coletiva. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os itinerários terapêuticos de pacientes com doenças genéticas raras nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro, Salvador e Porto Alegre, tendo por foco os desafios materiais, emocionais e estruturais enfrentados na busca por diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com pacientes/cuidadores e profissionais de saúde em serviços públicos de genética médica. Observou-se que a experiência da doença genética rara, além de ser um desafio em si pelo caráter debilitante e incapacitante, é agravada por problemas de ordem prático-relacionais e burocrático-institucionais que não se resolvem com a chegada a um serviço especializado. A existência de longos itinerários terapêuticos até o diagnóstico, o desconhecimento dos médicos não geneticistas sobre as doenças raras, as dificuldades de transporte e de acesso a especialistas, a exames diagnósticos e complementares e o acesso a medicamentos e insumos alimentares de alto custo foram comuns às narrativas nas três cidades. A adesão aos cuidados oferecidos exigem estratégias de ação que dependem de arranjos envolvendo familiares, médicos, associações de pacientes e o Estado.

          Abstract

          Abstract Rare genetic diseases are an important public health problem, but they are still little studied in Collective Health. This article aims to analyze the ‘therapeutic itineraries’ of patients in search of a diagnosis and treatment for rare genetic diseases in the cities of Rio de Janeiro, Salvador and Porto Alegre. It focuses on the material challenges, emotional and structural problems faced in these trajectories. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients/caregivers and health professionals in the context of public health medical genetics. Our findings suggest that the experience of the rare genetic disease is aggravated by practical, inter-relational and bureaucratic/institutional problems. The reality of long and circuitous journeys to obtain a diagnosis, non-geneticists’ lack of knowledge about rare diseases, difficulties in transportation and access to specialists, diagnostic and complementary examinations, and access to high-cost medicines and food supplies were common challenges in all the narratives examined in the three Brazilian cities. In addition, adherence to care provided by medical genetics requires action and strategies that depend on arrangements involving family members, physicians, patient associations, and the state.

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          The judicialization of biopolitics: Claiming the right to pharmaceuticals in Brazilian courts

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            Genetic services and testing in Brazil

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              Anthropology of Aging and Care

              Elana Buch (2015)
              In concert with lengthening life spans, emerging forms of care in later life reflect complex and diverse social changes. Embracing a polysemic understanding of care as simultaneously resource and relational practice, this review works across scales of social life and theoretical approaches to care to highlight connections and fissures between global political-economic transformations and the most intimate aspects of daily life. Arguing for analyses of care that account for the kinds of projects, stakes, and obstacles that emerge as people engage in social reproduction in later life, this review traces the circulation of care across aging bodies, everyday practices, families, and nations. Care in later life never exclusively impacts the lives of the old; it is thus a critical site for understanding the diverse ways that increased longevity is shaping the meanings, experiences, and consequences of life itself.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
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                Journal
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
                1678-4561
                1413-8123
                October 2019
                October 2019
                : 24
                : 10
                : 3637-3650
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
                [2 ]Fiocruz, Brazil
                [3 ]Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
                [4 ]Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
                [5 ]University College of London, United Kingdom
                Article
                10.1590/1413-812320182410.01612019
                1706bf0d-359e-446d-9091-2eeade061ca2
                © 2019

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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