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      Slower alpha rhythm associates with poorer seizure control in epilepsy.

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          Abstract

          Slowing and frontal spread of the alpha rhythm have been reported in multiple epilepsy syndromes. We investigated whether these phenomena are associated with seizure control.

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          Structural brain abnormalities in the common epilepsies assessed in a worldwide ENIGMA study

          Christopher Whelan, André Altmann, Juan Botía … (2018)
          Structural MRI abnormalities are inconsistently reported in epilepsy. In the largest neuroimaging study to date, Whelan et al. report robust structural alterations across and within epilepsy syndromes, including shared volume loss in the thalamus, and widespread cortical thickness differences. The resulting neuroanatomical map will guide prospective studies of disease progression.
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            Computation of measures of effect size for neuroscience data sets.

            Maik C. Stüttgen, Harald Hentschke (2011)
            The overwhelming majority of research in the neurosciences employs P-values stemming from tests of statistical significance to decide on the presence or absence of an effect of some treatment variable. Although a continuous variable, the P-value is commonly used to reach a dichotomous decision about the presence of an effect around an arbitrary criterion of 0.05. This analysis strategy is widely used, but has been heavily criticized in the past decades. To counter frequent misinterpretations of P-values, it has been advocated to complement or replace P-values with measures of effect size (MES). Many psychological, biological and medical journals now recommend reporting appropriate MES. One hindrance to the more frequent use of MES may be their scarcity in standard statistical software packages. Also, the arguably most widespread data analysis software in neuroscience, matlab, does not provide MES beyond correlation and receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Here we review the most common criticisms of significance testing and provide several examples from neuroscience where use of MES conveys insights not amenable through the use of P-values alone. We introduce an open-access matlab toolbox providing a wide range of MES to complement the frequently used types of hypothesis tests, such as t-tests and analysis of variance. The accompanying documentation provides calculation formulae, intuitive explanations and example calculations for each measure. The toolbox described is usable without sophisticated statistical knowledge and should be useful to neuroscientists wishing to enhance their repertoire of statistical reporting. © 2011 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience © 2011 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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              Scalp electrical recording during paralysis: quantitative evidence that EEG frequencies above 20 Hz are contaminated by EMG.

              Alyson Pulbrook, Dylan DeLosAngeles, John Willoughby … (2007)
              To identify the possible contribution of electromyogram (EMG) to scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms at rest and induced or evoked by cognitive tasks. Scalp EEG recordings were made on two subjects in presence and absence of complete neuromuscular blockade, sparing the dominant arm. The subjects undertook cognitive tasks in both states to allow direct comparison of electrical recordings. EEG rhythms in the paralysed state differed significantly compared with the unparalysed state, with 10- to 200-fold differences in the power of frequencies above 20 Hz during paralysis. Most of the scalp EEG recording above 20 Hz is of EMG origin. Previous studies measuring gamma EEG need to be re-evaluated. This has a significant impact on measurements of gamma rhythms from the scalp EEG in unparalysed humans. It is to be hoped that signal separation methods will be able to rectify this situation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ann Clin Transl Neurol
                Title: Annals of clinical and translational neurology
                Publisher: Wiley
                ISSN: 2328-9503
                ISSN (Print): 2328-9503
                Publication date (Electronic): February 2019
                Volume: 6
                Issue: 2
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London United Kingdom.
                [2 ] Department of Clinical Neurophysiology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London United Kingdom.
                [3 ] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Center Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London United Kingdom.
                [4 ] School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King's College London London United Kingdom.
                [5 ] National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London United Kingdom.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: ACN3710
                DOI: 10.1002/acn3.710
                PMC ID: 6389754
                PubMed ID: 30847365
                SO-VID: 35233c2e-992d-4090-9afe-82410662ef01
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