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      Acupuncture at KI3 in healthy volunteers induces specific cortical functional activity: an fMRI study.

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          Abstract

          Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we determined brain regions that were activated/deactivated more by acupuncture at Taixi (KI3) than by non-acupoint or sham acupuncture.

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          Altered baseline brain activity in children with ADHD revealed by resting-state functional MRI.

          Yu-Feng Zang, Yong Qing He, Chao-Zhe Zhu … (2007)
          In children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), functional neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormalities in various brain regions, including prefrontal-striatal circuit, cerebellum, and brainstem. In the current study, we used a new marker of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), amplitude of low-frequency (0.01-0.08Hz) fluctuation (ALFF) to investigate the baseline brain function of this disorder. Thirteen boys with ADHD (13.0+/-1.4 years) were examined by resting-state fMRI and compared with age-matched controls. As a result, we found that patients with ADHD had decreased ALFF in the right inferior frontal cortex, [corrected] and bilateral cerebellum and the vermis as well as increased ALFF in the right anterior cingulated cortex, left sensorimotor cortex, and bilateral brainstem. This resting-state fMRI study suggests that the changed spontaneous neuronal activity of these regions may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology in children with ADHD.
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            Broca's region revisited: cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability.

            Katrin Amunts, Axel Schleicher, Uli B�rgel … (1999)
            The sizes of Brodmann's areas 44 and 45 (Broca's speech region) and their extent in relation to macroscopic landmarks and surrounding areas differ considerably among the available cytoarchitectonic maps. Such variability may be due to intersubject differences in anatomy, observer-dependent discrepancies in cytoarchitectonic mapping, or both. Because a reliable definition of cytoarchitectonic borders is important for interpreting functional imaging data, we mapped areas 44 and 45 by means of an observer-independent technique. In 10 human brains, the laminar distributions of cell densities were measured vertical to the cortical surface in serial coronal sections stained for perikarya. Thousands of density profiles were obtained. Cytoarchitectonic borders were defined as statistically significant changes in laminar patterns. The analysis of the three-dimensional reconstructed brains and the two areas showed that cytoarchitectonic borders did not consistently coincide with sulcal contours. Therefore, macroscopic features are not reliable landmarks of cytoarchitectonic borders. Intersubject variability in the cytoarchitecture of areas 44 and 45 was significantly greater than cytoarchitectonic differences between these areas in individual brains. Although the volumes of area 44 differed across subjects by up to a factor of 10, area 44 but not area 45 was left-over-right asymmetrical in all brains. All five male but only three of five female brains had significantly higher cell densities on the left than on the right side. Such hemispheric and gender differences were not detected in area 45. These morphologic asymmetries of area 44 provide a putative correlate of the functional lateralization of speech production. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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              Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation within visual areas revealed by resting-state functional MRI.

              Hong Yang, Xiang-Yu Long, Yihong Yang … (2007)
              Most studies of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have applied the temporal correlation in the time courses to investigate the functional connectivity between brain regions. Alternatively, the power of low frequency fluctuation (LFF) may also be used as a biomarker to assess spontaneous activity. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate whether the amplitude of the LFF (ALFF) relates to cerebral physiological states. Ten healthy subjects underwent four resting-state fMRI scanning sessions, two for eyes-open (EO) and two for eyes-closed (EC) conditions, with two sets of parameters (TR=400 ms and 2 s, respectively). After data preprocessing, ALFF was obtained by calculating the square root of the power spectrum in the frequency range of 0.01-0.08 Hz. Our results showed that the ALFF in EO was significantly higher than that in EC (P<0.05, corrected) in the bilateral visual cortices. Furthermore, the ALFF in EO was significantly reduced in the right paracentral lobule (PCL) than in EC (P<0.05, corrected). Region of interest (ROI) analysis showed that the ALFF differences between EO and EC were consistent for each subject. In contrast, no significant ALFF differences were found between EO and EC (P<0.381) in the posterior cingulate cortex. All these results agree well with previous studies comparing EO and EC states. Our finding of the distinct ALFF difference between EO and EC in the visual cortex implies that the ALFF may be a novel biomarker for physiological states of the brain.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Complement Altern Med
                Title: BMC complementary and alternative medicine
                Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
                ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6882
                ISSN (Print): 1472-6882
                Publication date (Electronic): Oct 14 2015
                Volume: 15
                Affiliations
                [1 ] First Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. 397577196@qq.com.
                [2 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. wangyanjie1212@163.com.
                [3 ] Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, 526020, Guangdong Province, China. 365839831@qq.com.
                [4 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. 382040062@qq.com.
                [5 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. zhangjp611@163.com.
                [6 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. aqsszhengyu@163.com.
                [7 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. sqz900414@163.com.
                [8 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. wcxnyd@126.com.
                [9 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. s2qu@163.com.
                [10 ] Huarui Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China. meixibao@126.com.
                [11 ] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. nanfanglihuang@163.com.
                [12 ] Clinical School of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China. jordan664@163.com.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: 10.1186/s12906-015-0881-3
                DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0881-3
                PMC ID: 4604759
                PubMed ID: 26467429
                SO-VID: 3e530219-9ff4-41d8-ac02-2f6816d2aa3f
                History

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