Corneal Findings Associated to Belantamab-Mafodotin (Belamaf) Use in a Series of Patients Examined Longitudinally by Means of Advanced Corneal Imaging.

Abstract

Belantamab mafodotin (belamaf) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate developed for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Although the drug has demonstrated a good efficacy, corneal adverse events have been reported. In this prospective study, consecutive patients with RRMM who received belamaf infusions were included. The standard ophthalmological visit was implemented with anterior segment (AS)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). Five patients (three males, two females; mean age 66 ± 6.0 years) with MMRR and unremarkable ocular findings at baseline who received belamaf infusion were included. After a median time of 28 days from the first infusion, four of them developed corneal alterations with transient vision reduction to a variable extent. In particular, corneal deposits of microcyst-like epithelial changes (MECs) were detected centrally in one patient and peripherally in three patients. AS-OCT scans showed a bilateral heterogeneous increase in signal intensity, together with hyper-reflective lesions confined within the epithelium in all cases, except for one case in which they also involved the stroma. Corneal maps showed a transient increase in epithelial thickness in the first phase that was followed by a diffuse decrease in the subsequent phase. IVCM scans showed MECs as hyper-reflective opacities located at the level of corneal epithelium, largely intracellular. Multimodal corneal imaging may implement the current clinical scale, helping us to detect corneal abnormalities in patients under belamaf therapy. This workup provides useful data for monitoring over time corneal findings and for optimizing systemic therapy.