Monitoring results of iodine deficiency disorders in Rongchang District of Chongqing, 2016-2019

Abstract

Objective To understand the coverage of iodized salt and the level of iodine nutrition in residents of Rongchang District, Chongqing, and provide a scientific basis for adjusting the corresponding intervention measures for iodine deficiency disorders.

Methods In 2016, 2018 and 2019, according to the “Chongqing Iodine Deficiency Surveillance Program”, a certain amount of students aged 8 to 10 years and pregnant women were selected to monitor the iodine content of their household salt iodine and urine samples. At the same time, thyroid volume was measured in 8 to 10 years old students (which was not tested in 2018).

Results From 2016 to 2019, a total of 954 edible salt samples were collected, including 948 iodized salts, 890 qualified iodized salts and 6 non-iodized salts, the coverage of average iodized salt was 99.4%(948/954), and the consumption rate of average qualified iodized salt was 93.3%(890/954). A total of 654 urine samples were collected from 8–10 years old students, and the median urinary iodine was 221.5 μg/L, the proportion of iodine adequate in 2018 was higher than 2016 ( P<0.05) and 2019 ( P<0.05), the proportion of less than 100 μg/L increased year by year ( χ ² _trend=5.896, P<0.05); a total of 300 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, and the median urinary iodine was 204.5 μg/L. A total of 454 students were examined for thyroid volume. The number of swollen patients was 10, and the average goiter rate was 2.25%.

Conclusions The popularity of iodized salt in Rongchang District of Chongqing is relatively high. The consumption rates of qualified iodized salt, the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt, the median urinary iodine level of students have reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders. The rate of goiter in students has remained at a low level. There is an ups and downs in the proportion of iodine adequate for students, and the proportion of iodine deficiency is on the rise. Therefore, monitoring and health education should be further strengthened.

Abstract

摘要： 目的 了解重庆市荣昌区居民碘盐普及情况和碘营养水平, 为调整碘缺乏病相应干预措施提供科学依据。 方法 2016、2018 和 2019 年, 按照《重庆市碘缺乏病监测方案》抽取一定量的 8~10 岁学龄儿童和孕妇, 对其家庭盐碘、即时尿样碘含量进行监测, 同时对 8~10 岁学龄儿童检查甲状腺容积 (2018 年未检查该项目) 。 结果 2016—2019 年, 共采集食用盐 954 份, 其中碘盐 948 份, 合格碘盐 890 份, 非碘盐 6 份, 平均碘盐覆盖率为 99.4％ (948/954) , 平均合格碘 盐食用率为 93.3％ (890/954) 。尿样共监测 8~10 岁学龄儿童 654 人, 平均尿碘中位数为 221.5 μg/L, 2018 年碘适量所占 比例高于 2016 年 (Fisher 精确概率法, P<0.05) 和 2019 年 (Fisher 精确概率法, P<0.05) , 小于 100 μg/L 所占比例有逐年上 升趋势 ( χ ² _趋势=5.896, P<0.05) ; 孕妇 300 人, 平均尿碘中位数为 204.5 μg/L。儿童甲状腺容积检查共 454 人, 检出肿大人 数 10 人, 平均甲状腺肿大率为 2.25%。 结论 重庆市荣昌区碘盐普及程度较高。居民合格碘盐食用率、学龄儿童尿碘 中位数等各项指标均达到国家消除碘缺乏病标准。学龄儿童甲状腺肿大率维持在较低水平, 但学龄儿童碘适宜水平 比例有起伏, 碘营养不足比例有上升趋势, 应进一步加强其监测和健康教育。