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      Dielectrophoretic Separation of Particles Using Microfluidic Chip with Composite Three-Dimensional Electrode

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          Abstract

          Integrating three-dimensional (3D) microelectrodes on microfluidic chips based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been a challenge. This paper introduces a composite 3D electrode composed of Ag powder (particle size of 10 nm) and PDMS. Ethyl acetate is added as an auxiliary dispersant during the compounding process. A micromachining technique for processing 3D microelectrodes of any shape and size was developed to allow the electrodes to be firmly bonded to the PDMS chip. Through theoretical calculations, numerical simulations, and experimental verification, the role of the composite 3D microelectrodes in separating polystyrene particles of three different sizes via dielectrophoresis was systematically studied. This microfluidic device separated 20-, 10-, and 5-μm polystyrene particles nondestructively, efficiently, and accurately.

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          Massively parallel manipulation of single cells and microparticles using optical images.

          Pei Chiou, Aaron Ohta, Ming C Wu (2005)
          The ability to manipulate biological cells and micrometre-scale particles plays an important role in many biological and colloidal science applications. However, conventional manipulation techniques--including optical tweezers, electrokinetic forces (electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, travelling-wave dielectrophoresis), magnetic tweezers, acoustic traps and hydrodynamic flows--cannot achieve high resolution and high throughput at the same time. Optical tweezers offer high resolution for trapping single particles, but have a limited manipulation area owing to tight focusing requirements; on the other hand, electrokinetic forces and other mechanisms provide high throughput, but lack the flexibility or the spatial resolution necessary for controlling individual cells. Here we present an optical image-driven dielectrophoresis technique that permits high-resolution patterning of electric fields on a photoconductive surface for manipulating single particles. It requires 100,000 times less optical intensity than optical tweezers. Using an incoherent light source (a light-emitting diode or a halogen lamp) and a digital micromirror spatial light modulator, we have demonstrated parallel manipulation of 15,000 particle traps on a 1.3 x 1.0 mm2 area. With direct optical imaging control, multiple manipulation functions are combined to achieve complex, multi-step manipulation protocols.
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            Microdevice for the isolation and enumeration of cancer cells from blood.

            Swee Jin Tan, Levent Yobas, Gabriel Lee … (2009)
            Cancer metastasis is the main attribute to cancer-related deaths. Furthermore, clinical reports have shown a strong correlation between the disease development and number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of cancer patients. Here, we present a label-free microdevice capable of isolating cancer cells from whole blood via their distinctively different physical properties such as deformability and size. The isolation efficiency is at least 80% for tests performed on breast and colon cancer cells. Viable isolated cells are also obtained which may give further insights to the understanding of the metastatic process. Contrasting with conventional biochemical techniques, the uniqueness of this microdevice lies in the mechanistic and efficient means of isolating viable cancer cells in blood. The microdevice has the potential to be used for routine monitoring of cancer development and cancer therapy in a clinical setting.
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              Characterizing and Patterning of PDMS-Based Conducting Composites

              L. Y. Liu, P Sheng, W. Wen … (2007)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Micromachines (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Micromachines (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): micromachines
                Title: Micromachines
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2072-666X
                Publication date (Electronic): 20 July 2020
                Publication date Collection: July 2020
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 7
                Electronic Location Identifier: 700
                Affiliations
                Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; biochenli@ 123456cqu.edu.cn (L.C.); 201819131055@ 123456cqu.edu.cn (X.L.); zxl@ 123456cqu.edu.cn (X.Z.); zhangxiaoling@ 123456cqu.edu.cn (X.Z.); bioyangjun@ 123456cqu.edu.cn (J.Y.)
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1743-3470
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1905-5899
                Article
                Publisher ID: micromachines-11-00700
                DOI: 10.3390/mi11070700
                PMC ID: 7407815
                PubMed ID: 32698449
                SO-VID: 0639815f-4e5c-45f0-b3fa-5cab556ad557
                Copyright © © 2020 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 15 June 2020
                Date accepted : 17 July 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: microfluidic chip,dielectrophoresis,particle separation,microelectrode,composite
                Data availability:
                Keywords: microfluidic chip, dielectrophoresis, particle separation, microelectrode, composite

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