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      Health Care Seeking Behavior for Common Childhood Illnesses in Jeldu District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

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      Author(s): 1 , * , 1 , 2
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      Journal: PLoS ONE
      Publisher: Public Library of Science

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          Abstract

          Background

          Even though health care seeking interventions potentially reduce child mortality from easily treatable diseases, significant numbers of children die without ever reaching a health facility or due to delays in seeking care in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess health care seeking behavior for common childhood illnesses and associated factors.

          Methods

          A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeldu District from January to February 2011. A systematic sampling method was used for sample selection. Data were collected from 422 caregivers with under-five children who experienced diseases within six weeks before the survey. Interviewer administered structured and pre-tested questionnaire which were used to collect data. Data entry and cleaning were carried out using Epi Info version 3.5.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Descriptive analysis was done to determine the magnitude of health care seeking behavior. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors.

          Results

          A total of 422 caregivers of under-five children were participated in the study giving an overall response rate of 97.5%. Three hundred fifteen (74.6%) children sought care from health facilities for all conditions. However, only 55.4% of them were taken to health facilities as first source treatment during their illness and prompt care was also very low (13.7%). Marital status of the caregivers (AOR = 2.84; 95%CI: 1.62–4.98), number of symptoms experienced by the child (AOR = 2.04; 95%CI: 1.24–3.36) and perceived severity of the illness (AOR = 3.20; 95%CI: 1.96–5.22) were predictors of health care seeking behavior.

          Conclusion

          Health care seeking behavior for childhood illnesses was delayed and decision to seek care from health facilities was influenced by worsening of the illnesses. Thus, community level promotion of prompt health care seeking is essential to enhance the health care seeking behavior for child hood illnesses in the locality.

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          Most cited references15

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          Diarrhoea: why children are still dying and what can be done.

          Tessa Wardlaw, Peter Salama, Clarissa Brocklehurst … (2010)
          Article 0 comments Cited 146 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The Recognition of and Care Seeking Behaviour for Childhood Illness in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

            Pascal Geldsetzer, Thomas Williams, Amir Kirolos … (2014)
            Background Pneumonia, diarrhoea, and malaria are among the leading causes of death in children. These deaths are largely preventable if appropriate care is sought early. This review aimed to determine the percentage of caregivers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a child less than 5 years who were able to recognise illness in their child and subsequently sought care from different types of healthcare providers. Methods and Findings We conducted a systematic literature review of studies that reported recognition of, and/or care seeking for episodes of diarrhoea, pneumonia or malaria in LMICs. The review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42011001654). Ninety-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Eighteen studies reported data on caregiver recognition of disease and seventy-seven studies on care seeking. The median sensitivity of recognition of diarrhoea, malaria and pneumonia was low (36.0%, 37.4%, and 45.8%, respectively). A median of 73.0% of caregivers sought care outside the home. Care seeking from community health workers (median: 5.4% for diarrhoea, 4.2% for pneumonia, and 1.3% for malaria) and the use of oral rehydration therapy (median: 34%) was low. Conclusions Given the importance of this topic to child survival programmes there are few published studies. Recognition of diarrhoea, malaria and pneumonia by caregivers is generally poor and represents a key factor to address in attempts to improve health care utilisation. In addition, considering that oral rehydration therapy has been widely recommended for over forty years, its use remains disappointingly low. Similarly, the reported levels of care seeking from community health workers in the included studies are low even though global action plans to address these illnesses promote community case management. Giving greater priority to research on care seeking could provide crucial evidence to inform child mortality programmes.
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              Determinants of health care seeking for childhood illnesses in Nairobi slums.

              Negussie Taffa, G Chepngeno (2005)
              The practice of appropriate health seeking has a great potential to reduce the occurrence of severe and life-threatening child illnesses. We assessed the influence of socio-demographic, economic and disease-related factors in health care seeking for child illnesses among slum dwellers of Nairobi, Kenya. A survey round of the Nairobi Urban Demographic Surveillance System (NUDSS) generated information on 2-week child morbidity, illness symptoms, perceived illness severity and use of modern health services. During this round of data collection, interviewers visited a total of 15,174 households, where 3015 children younger than 5 years lived. Of the 999 (33.1%) children who were reported to have been sick, medical care of some sort was sought for 604 (60.5%). Lack of finances (49.6%) and a perception that the illness was not serious (28.1%) were the main reasons given for failure to seek health care outside the home. Health care seeking was most common for sick children in the youngest age group (0-11 months). Caretakers sought medical care more frequently for diarrhoea symptoms than for coughing and even more so when the diarrhoea was associated with fever. Perception of illness severity was strongly associated with health care seeking. Household income was significantly associated with health care seeking up to certain threshold levels, above which its effects stabilized. Improving caretaker skills to recognize danger signs in child illnesses may enhance health-seeking behaviour. Integrated Management of Child Illnesses (IMCI) programmes must be accessible free of charge to the urban poor in order to increase health care seeking and bring about improvements in child survival.
              Article 0 comments Cited 112 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                David O. Carpenter: Role: Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE
                Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
                Journal ID (pmc): plosone
                Title: PLoS ONE
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 October 2016
                Publication date Collection: 2016
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 10
                Electronic Location Identifier: e0164534
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institute of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
                [2 ]School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                Institute for Health & the Environment, UNITED STATES
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                • Conceptualization: TK.

                • Data curation: TK.

                • Formal analysis: TK.

                • Funding acquisition: TK MA.

                • Investigation: TK.

                • Methodology: TK MA.

                • Project administration: TK.

                • Software: TK.

                • Supervision: TK MA.

                • Validation: TK.

                • Visualization: TK.

                • Writing – original draft: TK.

                • Writing – review & editing: TG TK MA.

                Article
                Publisher ID: PONE-D-15-43073
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164534
                PMC ID: 5065207
                PubMed ID: 27741273
                SO-VID: 06f76af7-4b77-422e-befe-2db0b163efa9
                Copyright © © 2016 Kolola et al
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 10 December 2015
                Date accepted : 27 September 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 3, Pages: 11
                Funding
                Funded by: This study was funded by Addis Ababa University
                Award Recipient :
                This study was funded by Addis Ababa University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Pediatrics
                Subject: Child Health
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Public and Occupational Health
                Subject: Child Health
                Subject: Biology and Life Sciences
                Subject: Behavior
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Health Care
                Subject: Health Care Facilities
                Subject: People and Places
                Subject: Geographical Locations
                Subject: Africa
                Subject: Ethiopia
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Pulmonology
                Subject: Respiratory Infections
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Diagnostic Medicine
                Subject: Signs and Symptoms
                Subject: Fevers
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
                Subject: Signs and Symptoms
                Subject: Fevers
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Gastroenterology and Hepatology
                Subject: Diarrhea
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Diagnostic Medicine
                Subject: Signs and Symptoms
                Subject: Diarrhea
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
                Subject: Signs and Symptoms
                Subject: Diarrhea
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Public and Occupational Health
                Subject: Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health
                Custom metadata
                Data Availability All data underlying the findings are within the paper and the Supporting Information files.

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

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